{"id":2334,"date":"2024-06-08T03:48:43","date_gmt":"2024-06-08T03:48:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lightandlife.org\/?p=2334"},"modified":"2024-07-29T01:58:17","modified_gmt":"2024-07-29T01:58:17","slug":"c132-%eb%a1%9c%eb%a7%88-%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ec%99%80-%ea%b8%b0%eb%8f%85%ea%b5%90%ec%9d%98-%ec%a0%84%ed%8c%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lightandlife.org\/?p=2334","title":{"rendered":"c132 \ub85c\ub9c8 \uc138\uacc4\uc640 \uae30\ub3c5\uad50\uc758 \uc804\ud30c"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><center><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"5\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"59%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#FFFFCC\">\n<td>\uae30\ucd08\ubc18 \uc218\uc5c5 \uc81c\ubaa9<\/td>\n<td>1. \ub85c\ub9c8 \uc138\uacc4\uc640 \uae30\ub3c5\uad50\uc758 \uc804\ud30c (6\uc6d4 9\uc77c): 132\ud3b8 +133\ud3b8<\/p>\n<p>2. \uc911\ub3c4\uc790\uc758 \uacf5\ud5cc (6\uc6d4 16\uc77c): 77\ud3b8<\/p>\n<p>3. \uc544\ub2f4\uacfc \uc774\ube0c\uc758 \uc2e4\ud328 (6\uc6d4 23\uc77c): 75\ud3b8 +76\ud3b8<\/p>\n<p>4. \uc870\uc808\uc790\uc640 \ud544\uc0ac\uc790 (6\uc6d4 30\uc77c), 107 +110\ud3b8<\/p>\n<p>5. \uba5c\uae30\uc138\ub371 (7\uc6d4 7\uc77c, 93\ud3b8)<\/p>\n<p>6. \uc800\ud0dd \uc138\uacc4\uc640 \uc0c1\ubb3c\uc9c8 \uc0dd\uba85 (7\uc6d4 14\uc77c, 47\ud3b8 + 48\ud3b8)<\/p>\n<p>7. \uc9c0\uc5ed \uccb4\uacc4  (7\uc6d4 21\uc77c, 45\ud3b8) +\uacb0\ud63c \uc81c\ub3c4 ( 83\ud3b8)<\/p>\n<p>8. \ub8e8\uc2dc\ud37c \ubc18\ub780,  \ubcf4\ub77c \uc778\uc885 (7\uc6d4 28\uc77c, 53\ud3b8 + 78\ud3b8)<\/p>\n<p>___<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>9. \uc81c5 \uacc4\uc2dc\uac00 \ub0b4\ub824\uc628 \uacfc\uc815,  \ud558\ub098\ub2d8 \uc544\ubc84\uc9c0 (8\uc6d4 4\uc77c, 1\ud3b8)<\/p>\n<p>10.  \uc6b4\uba85 \uc218\ud638 \ucc9c\uc0ac,    \uc720\uc0c9 \uc778\uc885(8\uc6d4 11\uc77c, 113\ud3b8 +64\ud3b8)<\/p>\n<p>(\uc131\ud604\uc758 \uc874\uce6d\uc744 \uc0dd\ub7b5\ud558\ub2c8 \uc591\ud574\ud558\uc2dc\uae30 \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>1. \ub85c\ub9c8 \uc138\uacc4\uc640 \uae30\ub3c5\uad50\uc758 \uc804\ud30c<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ucc9c\uc0ac\uc640 \uc911\ub3c4\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc900\ube44<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ucc9c\uc0ac +\uc911\ub3c4\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc900\ube44<\/td>\n<td>\uc694\uc57d\uacfc \ubc30\uacbd \uc124\uba85 \uc774\uc720:<\/p>\n<p>(i) \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \ubc29\ub300\ud574\uc11c \uc804\uccb4\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc27d\uac8c \uc694\uc57d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(ii)  \ubc30\uacbd \uc124\uba85\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc138\ubd80\uc758 \uc774\ud574\ub97c \ub3d5\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uac83\uc784.<\/p>\n<p>\uc11c\uae30 22\ub144 3\uc6d4\uc5d0 \uc608\uc218\ub294 \uac00\ubc84\ub098\uc6c0\uc744 \ub5a0\ub0ac\uace0, \uadf8 \uae38\ub85c \uc138\ubca0\ub300\uc758 \ubd80\uc778 \uc0b4\ub85c\uba54\uc758 \uc18c\uac1c\uc7a5\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc608\ub8e8\uc0b4\ub818\uc758 \uc740\ud1f4\ud55c \ub300\uc0ac\uc81c \uc548\ub098\uc2a4\ub97c \ub9cc\ub098\ubcf4\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uac89\ubcf4\uae30\uc5d0 \uc6b0\uc5f0\ud788<\/span> (by apparent chance, paper 129) \uc608\uc218\ub294 \uc778\ub3c4\uc778 \uc0c1\uc778 \uace0\ub178\ub4dc\uc640 \uadf8 \uc544\ub4e4 \uac00\ub2c8\ub4dc\ub97c \ub9cc\ub0ac\uace0, \uc774\ub4e4\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \ub85c\ub9c8 \uc138\uacc4\ub97c \uc5ec\ud589\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ucc2c\uc131\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(\ubd80\ud65c\ud558\uc2e0 \ub2e4\uc74c\uc5d0 \uc608\uc218\ub294 \uc0ac\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ubcf5\uc74c\uc744 \ub545\ub05d\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc804\ud558\ub77c\uace0 \ub204\ucc28 \ub9d0\uc500\ud588\ub2e4. \uc608\uc218\uc758 \uac00\ub974\uce68\uc744 \uc81c\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ub545\ub05d\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc804\ud558\ub824\uba74,  \uc608\uc218\uac00 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc815\ub3c4 \uc138\uc0c1\uc744 \ubcf4\ub294 \uc548\ubaa9\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4\uc57c \ud588\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c,<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\u2666<\/span> (a) \uc608\uc218\uac00 \ucd0c\uad6c\uc11d\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc9c4\uc2e4\uc744 \uc804\ud30c\ud558\uae30\uc5d0 <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\"> \uc9c0\ub9ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\ub9ac\ud55c \uacf3<\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c \ud0dc\uc5b4\ub098\uc57c \ud558\uace0,<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\u2666<\/span> (b) \uc608\uc218\uc5d0\uac8c <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\"> \uc9c0\uc911\ud574 \uc138\uacc4<\/span>\ub97c \uc9c1\uc811 \uad6c\uacbd\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ub204\uad70\uac00 (\uba5c\uae30\uc138\ub371\uc774\ub098 \uac00\ube0c\ub9ac\uc5d8) \ud310\ub2e8\ud588\ub358 \ub4ef. \ud1b5\uacc4 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \ub9d0\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c  \ub85c\ub9c8 \uc138\uacc4\ub97c \ub208\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uacbd\ud558\ub294 \uccb4\ud5d8\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud588\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uc911\ub3c4\uc790\uc640 \ucc9c\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \uac89\ubcf4\uae30\uc5d0 \uc6b0\uc5f0\ud55c \uc774 \ub9cc\ub0a8\uc744 \uc8fc\uc120\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\u2666<\/span> (c) \ub610\ud55c \uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc778\ub3c4\uc778 \uc0c1\uc778\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574 \uc138\uacc4\ub97c \uc5ec\ud589\ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548  \uc608\uc218\ub294 \uac00\uc871\uc744 \ubd80\uc591\ud558\ub294 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ub2e4\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \ub3c8\uc744 \ubc8c\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c  &#8220;<span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uc2e0\uc758 \ud55c \uc218<\/span>&#8220;\ub294 \ucc9c\uc0ac\ub098 \uc911\ub3c4\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ubb34\ub300 \ub4a4\uc5d0\uc11c \ud65c\ub3d9\ud588\uc74c\uc744 \uac00\ub9ac\ud0a8\ub2e4.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ub85c\ub9c8\uc758 \uc61b \ubaa8\uc2b5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#FFFFCC\">\n<td>\uae00\uc4f4\uc774: \uc911\ub3c4\uc790 \uc704\uc6d0\ud68c<\/p>\n<p>1935\ub144<\/p>\n<p>\ub85c\ub9c8<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>(i) \ub85c\ub9c8\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ucc29\ud55c \ub4a4 \uc0ac\ud758\uc9f8, \ub450 \uc778\ub3c4\uc778\uacfc \uc608\uc218\ub294 \ud669\uc81c \uc55e\uc5d0 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0ac\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc2dc\ubb34\ub8e9\ud558\ub358 \ud669\uc81c\ub294 \uc774\ub0a0 \ud2b9\ud788 \uba85\ub791\ud588\uace0, \uc138 \uc0ac\ub78c\uacfc \uc624\ub7ab\ub3d9\uc548 \uc7a1\ub2f4\uc744 \ub098\ub204\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud2f0\ubca0\ub9ac\uc6b0\uc2a4 \ud669\uc81c\ub294 (\uc11c\uae30 14-37\ub144) \uc608\uc218\ub97c \uc5b8\uae09\ud558\uba70 \ubcf4\uc88c\uad00\uc5d0\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4:\u201c\uc800 \uce5c\uad6c\uc758 \uc784\uae08\ub2e4\uc6b4 \ud0dc\ub3c4\uc640 \ud488\uc704 \uc788\ub294 \uc608\uc808\uc744 \uac00\uc84c\ub2e4\uba74, \ub0b4\uac00 \uc9c4\uc9dc \ud669\uc81c\uac00 \ub420 \ud130\uc778\ub370, \uc751?\u201d (\ud2f0\ubca0\ub9ac\uc6b0\uc2a4\ub294 Augustus\uc758 \uc544\ub0b4 Livia \uac00 \uc804\ub0a8\ud3b8 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \ub0b3\uc740 \uc544\ub4e4)<\/p>\n<p>(ii) \uace0\ub178\ub4dc\uc758 \uace0\uc6a9\uc790 \uc911 \ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \ud754\ud788 \ud1b5\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \ub530\ub77c\uac00\uace4 \ud574\uc11c, \uc608\uc218\ub294 \ud558\ub8e8 \uc885\uc77c \ud63c\uc790 \uc9c0\ub0b4\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \ub9ce\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(iii) \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub85c\ub9c8\uc758 \uc778\uad6c\ub294 2\ubc31\ub9cc\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(iv) \uc608\uc218\ub294 \uc790\uc8fc <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uce74\ud53c\ud1a8\ub9ac\uc6c0<\/span>(Capitolium)\uc73c\ub85c \uc62c\ub77c\uac14\ub2e4. \uae30\ub2e4\ub780 \ud3c9\uc9c0\uc5d0 \uc804\uac1c\ub41c \ud3ec\ub7fc\uc744 \ub0b4\ub824\ub2e4 \ubcf4\ub294 \uc5b8\ub355\uc5d0 \uce74\ud53c\ud1a8\ub9ac\uc6c0<\/p>\n<p>\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud3ec\ub7fc \ub3d9\ucabd\uc5d0 Colosseum\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/p\/pom025.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"452\" src=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/p\/pom025.jpg\" width=\"681\"><\/a><br \/>\n\ud3ec\ub7fc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc67c\ucabd\uc73c\ub85c \uce74\ud53c\ud1a8\ub9ac\uc6c0\uc73c\ub85c \uc62c\ub77c\uac00\ub294 \uae38\uc774 \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4. \ud3ec\ub7fc\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc740 \ud3c9\uc9c0\uc778\ub370, Capitolium \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc740 \ud22d \ud280\uc5b4\ub098\uc628 \uba38\ub9ac(capita) \ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \uc774\ub984\uc744 \uc9c0\uc5c8\uace0, Jupiter, Juno, Minerva, \uc774 \uc138 \uc2e0\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc131\uc804\uc774 \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/f\/forum.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/f\/forum.gif\" width=\"827\" height=\"259\" alt=\"\"><\/a><br \/>\n\uce74\ud53c\ud1a8\ub9ac\uc6c0\uc5d0\uc11c \ud3ec\ub7fc\uc744 \ub0b4\ub824\ub2e4 \ubcf8 \uacbd\uce58. \ub450 \uae30\ub465\uc740 \uc544\ud3f4\ub85c \uc2e0\uc804\uc758 \uc794\uc7ac (Shutterstock)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/d\/det019.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"115\" src=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/d\/det019.gif\" width=\"216\"><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/v\/vat008.jpg\"> <\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/d\/det019a.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"75\" src=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/d\/det019a.jpg\" width=\"138\"><\/a><br \/>\n\ud3ec\ub7fc\uc758 \ud3d0\ud5c8<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/b\/br106.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"216\" src=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/b\/br106.gif\" width=\"165\"><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/b\/br106a.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"163\" src=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/b\/br106a.jpg\" width=\"168\"><\/a><br \/>\n\uc544\ud3f4\ub85c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color: #00FFFF\">\uc720\ub300\uc778\uc758 \ubc18\ub780<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color: #00FFFF\"><\/span>(i) \uc11c\uae30 66 \ub144\uc5d0, \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\uc778\uc774  \uc5b4\ub290 \ud68c\ub2f9 \uc55e\uc5d0\uc11c, \uc624\uc90c\uc774 \ub4e0 \ud56d\uc544\ub9ac \uc704\uc5d0 \uc0c8\ub4e4\uc744 \ud76c\uc0dd \uc81c\ubb3c\ub85c \ubc14\uce5c \uc0ac\uac74 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc720\ub300\uc778\uc758 \ud3ed\ub3d9\uc774 \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \ud68c\ub2f9\uc744 \ub354\ub7fd\ud78c \uac83, \uc720\ub300\uc778\uc744 \ubaa8\uc695\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ub418\uc5c8\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uc720\ub300\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \ub85c\ub9c8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc784\uba85\ud55c \uc720\ub300 \uc9c0\ubc29 \ud589\uc815\uad00 (Procurator of Judea) Gessius Florus\uc5d0\uac8c \ud0c4\uc6d0\ud588\ub294\ub370, \uadf8\ub294  8 \ud0c8\ub80c\ud2b8\ub97c \ubc1b\uc544\uba39\uace0 \uccad\ubb38\ud68c\ub97c \uc5f4\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098, \ub73b\ubc16\uc5d0 \uc720\ub300\uc778 \ud0c4\uc6d0\uc790\ub4e4\uc744 \uac10\uc625\uc5d0 \uac00\ub450\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(ii) \ud3ed\ub3d9\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\uc790 \uc774\ub97c \uc9c4\uc555\ud558\ub824\uace0  \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc544 \uad70\ub2e8\uc744 (Legion XII Fulminata) \ud22c\uc785\ud588\ub294\ub370, \uc131\uc804\uc5d0\uc11c \ud6c4\ud1f4\ud558\ub2e4\uac00 \uadf8 \uad70\ub2e8 \uc804\uccb4\uac00 \ub9e4\ubcf5 \ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \uc804\uc6d0 6,000\uba85\uc774  \ubab0\uc0b4\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. (Battle of Beth Horon)<\/p>\n<p>(iii) \ubc18\uad70\uc758 \uc815\ubd80\uac00 \uc608\ub8e8\uc0b4\ub818\uc5d0 \ubcf8\ubd80\ub97c \uc138\uc6e0\uace0, \ub124\ub85c \ud669\uc81c\ub294 Vespasian \uc7a5\uad70\uc5d0\uac8c \ubc18\uad70\uc758 \uc9c4\uc555\uc744 \uba85\ub839\ud588\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 60,000\uba85\uc758 \uad70\ub300\ub97c \uc774\ub04c\uace0 \uac08\ub9b4\ub9ac\ub97c \uce68\uacf5\ud588\ub2e4. Jotapata\uc5d0\uc11c 67\ub144 6\uc6d4 \uac08\ub9b4\ub9ac \uc0ac\ub839\uad00 Josephus\uac00 \uc131\uc744 \uc9c0\ud0a4\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098 \uadf8\ub294 47\uc77c\ub9cc\uc5d0 \ud568\ub77d\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(iv)   Flavius Josephus \ub294 \ubd99\uc7a1\ud600\uc11c Vespasian \uc7a5\uad70 \uc55e\uc5d0 \ub04c\ub824 \uc654\ub294\ub370, \uc7ac\ube68\ub9ac \uadf8 \uc7a5\uad70\uc774 \uace7 \ud669\uc81c\uac00 \ub418\ub294 \ud658\uc0c1\uc744 \ubcf4\uc558\ub2e4\uace0 \ub9d0\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa9\uc228\uc744 \uac74\uc84c\uace0, \ud6c4\uc77c\uc5d0\ub294 The Jewish War &#8220;<span style=\"background-color: #00FFFF\">\uc720\ub300\uc778\uc758 (\ub3c5\ub9bd) \uc804\uc7c1<\/span>&#8220;\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc11c\ub97c \uc37c\ub2e4. \uc608\ub8e8\uc0b4\ub818\uc774 \ud3ec\uc704\ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \ub54c \uc131 \uc55e\uc5d0 \uac00\uc11c \uc720\ub300\uc778\uc758 \ud56d\ubcf5\uc744 \uad8c\uc720\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(v) \ub124\ub85c \ud669\uc81c\uac00  \uc790\uc0b4\ud558\ub294 \ubc14\ub78c\uc5d0, \uad70\ub300\uc758 \ucd94\ub300\ub97c \ubc1b\uc544 Vespasian\uc740 \ud669\uc81c\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4 (\uc11c\uae30 68\ub144, 4 \ud669\uc81c\uc758 \ud574). Vespasian\uc740 \uc720\ub300\uc778\uc758 \ud3ed\ub3d9\uc744 \uc9c4\uc555\ud558\ub77c\uace0 \uc544\ub4e4 Titus \uc7a5\uad70\uc744 \ubcf4\ub0c8\uace0, Josephus\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 1\ubc31\ub9cc\uc758 (\ube44\uc804\ud22c) \uc720\ub300\uc778\uc744 \ud559\uc0b4\ud558\uace0 \uc608\ub8e8\uc0b4\ub818\uc744 \ud3ec\uc704\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(vi) Titus \uc7a5\uad70\uc740 \uc131\uc804\uc744 \ud30c\uad34\ud560 \uc0dd\uac01\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098, \uc774\ub97c \uac08\uace0 \uc788\ub358 \ub85c\ub9c8 \ubcd1\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \ud5e4\ub86f\uc774 \uc9c0\uc5c8\ub358 \uc81c2 \uc131\uc804\uc744 \ubd88\ud0dc\uc6b0\uace0 \ub3cc\ub4e4\uc740 \ub2e4 \ubc00\uc5b4 \ubc84\ub838\ub2e4 (\uc608\uc5b8\ub41c \ubc14\uc640 \uac19\uc774, \ub3cc \uc704\uc5d0 \ub3cc \ud558\ub098 \ub0a8\uc544 \uc788\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4).  \uc774 \ub3cc\ub4e4\uc740 \uc544\uc9c1\ub3c4 \uc131\uc804 \uc61b\ud130 \uc8fc\uc704\uc5d0 \ub110\ub824 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(vii) Titus\ub294 7\ub9cc \uba85\uc758 \uc720\ub300\uc778\uc744 \ud3ec\ub85c\ub85c \uc0bc\uc544 \ub85c\ub9c8\ub85c \ub370\ub9ac\uace0 \uac00\uc11c Colosseum\uc744 \uc9c0\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(viii)  Titus\uc758 \uad70\ub300\ub294 <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uc608\ub8e8\uc0b4\ub818 \uc131\uc804<\/span>\uc758 \uae08\uc744 \uc57d\ud0c8\ud588\ub294\ub370, \uc774\uac83\uc740 \uc624\ub298\ub0a0\uc758 \uae08\uac12\uc73c\ub85c \ub530\uc9c0\uba74, $1\uc870\ub098 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. Titus \uc7a5\uad70\uc740 \uc774 \ub3c8\uc744 Colosseum \uac74\ucd95\ube44\uc5d0 \uc37c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud55c\ub2e4. \uae38 \uac74\ub108\uc5d0\ub294 Trajan&#8217;s market \uac00 \uc788\uace0, \uc774\uac83\uc740 \uc138\uacc4 \ucd5c\ucd08\uc758 shopping mall\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/c\/cap154.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" border=\"0\" height=\"216\" src=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/c\/cap154.gif\" width=\"297\"><\/a><\/font><\/p>\n<p>Trajan&#8217;s Market with over 150 shops.<\/p>\n<p>\ud314\ub77c\ud2f4 \uc5b8\ub355\uc740 \ud3ec\ub7fc \ub0a8\ucabd\uc5d0 \uc788\uace0, \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \ud669\uc81c\uc758 \uc800\ud0dd, \uc544\ud3f4\ub85c \uc2e0\uc804, \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4 \ub3c4\uc11c\uad00, \ub77c\ud2f4 \ub3c4\uc11c\uad00\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(ix) <span style=\"background-color: #00FFFF\">\ub85c\ub9c8 \uc138\uacc4\ub97c \uc5ec\ud589\ud55c \uc774\uc720<\/span>: \uc774\ub54c \ub85c\ub9c8 \uc81c\uad6d\uc740 \uc720\ub7fd \ub0a8\ubd80\u318d\uc18c \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\u318d\uc2dc\ub9ac\uc544\u318d\uc5d0\uc9d1\ud2b8\u318d\ubd81\uc11c \uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud588\ub2e4. \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc9c0\ubc29\uc5d0\uc11c \uc628 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud544\uc0ac\uc790 \ubb34\ub9ac\ub4e4\uc744 \ub9cc\ub098\ubcf4\uace0 \uc2f6\uc740 \uc18c\ub9dd\uc774 \uc608\uc218\uac00 \uc774 \uc5ec\ud589\uc5d0 \ucc2c\uc131\ud55c \uc8fc\uc694 \uc774\uc720\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/c\/cap040.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" border=\"0\" height=\"216\" src=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/c\/cap040.gif\" width=\"146\"><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/c\/cap040a.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"64\" src=\"http:\/\/encyclopediaurantia.org\/images\/c\/cap040a.jpg\" width=\"146\"><\/a><\/font><br \/>\n\ud2f0\ubca0\ub9ac\uc6b0\uc2a4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color: #00FFFF\">\uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\uc778\uacfc \ub85c\ub9c8\uc778\uc758 \uacf5\ud5cc<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\uc778\uc758 \uacf5\ud5cc<\/td>\n<td>(i) \uc54c\ub809\uc0b0\ub354 \ub300\uc655\uc774 \ud398\ub974\uc2dc\uc544\ub97c \ube44\ub86f\ud558\uc5ec \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uc758 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ub098\ub77c\ub97c \uc815\ubcf5\ud568\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574 \uc138\uacc4\uac00 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\uc5b4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ub2e8\uc77c \ubb38\ud654 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uad50\uc721 \ubc1b\uc740 \ub85c\ub9c8\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \ub77c\ud2f4\uc5b4\uc640 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\uc5b4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color: #FFFF00\">(ii) \uc2e0\uc57d\uc744 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\uc5b4\ub85c<\/span> \uae30\ub85d\ud55c \uac83\uc740 &#8220;<span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ucd5c\ub2e4\uc218\uc758 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c<\/span>&#8221; \uc608\uc218\uc758 \ub9d0\uc500\uc744 \uc804\ud30c\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uae30\uc5ec\ud588\ub2e4. \ud2f0\ubca0\ub9ac\uc6b0\uc2a4 \ud669\uc81c\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\uc5b4\ub97c \uc798\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Greatest good for the greatest number.&#8221; (J Stewart Mill)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ub85c\ub9c8\uc778\uc758 \uacf5\ud5cc<\/td>\n<td>\ub85c\ub9c8\ub294 \uc815\ubcf5\ud55c \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\ub294 \ud3ed\ub3d9\ub4e4\uc744  \ube68\ub9ac \uc9c4\uc555\ud574\uc57c \ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(i) \ud3ed\ub3d9\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0a0 \uac83\uc744 \ubbf8\ub9ac \uc608\uc0c1\ud558\uace0 \uae09\ud788 \uc9c4\uc555\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uad70\uc0ac\uc801 \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c, \ub85c\ub9c8\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uc138\uacc4\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub97c <span style=\"background-color: #00FFFF\">\ub85c\ub9c8\uc640 \uc5f0\uacb0<\/span>\ud558\ub294 \ub3c4\ub85c\ub4e4\uc744 \uac74\uc124\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(ii) \uc774 \uae38\uc744 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c, \ubb34\uc5ed\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc758 \ub4a4\ub97c \ucad3\uc544 \uae30\ub3c5\uad50\uc758 <span style=\"background-color: #00FFFF\">\uc804\ub3c4\uc0ac<\/span>\ub4e4\uc774 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574 \uc138\uacc4\uc758 \ub05d\uae4c\uc9c0 \uac00\uc11c \uc608\uc218\uc758 \ub9d0\uc500\uc744 \uc804\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \uad6d\uc81c \uc5b8\uc5b4\uac00 \ub41c \uc601\uc5b4\ub3c4 60% \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \ub0b1\ub9d0\uc774 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4 \ubc0f \ub77c\ud2f4\uc5b4\uc5d0 \ubfcc\ub9ac\ub97c \ub454\ub2e4. (170,000 words)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color: #00FFFF\">\uba5c\uae30\uc138\ub371\uc758 \uc5f0\ub300\ud45c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uba5c\uae30\uc138\ub371\uc758 \uc900\ube44 \uc791\uc5c5<\/td>\n<td>(i) \uc544\ub2f4\uc758 \uc2e4\ud328, \uae30\uc6d0\uc804 35,000\ub144<\/p>\n<p>\uc774 \uc18c\uc2dd\uc744 \ub4e3\uace0\uc11c \uc5bc\ub9c8 \uc788\ub2e4\uac00, \ubbf8\uac00\uc5d8\uc740 \uc720\ub780\uc2dc\uc544\ub97c \uc218\uc5ec \ud589\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color: #FFFF00\">\uc218\uc5ec<\/span>\uc758 \ub73b: \ud589\uc131\uc758 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \ubcf4\uace0 \ubc30\uc6b0\ub77c\uace0 \ud558\ub098\ub2d8\uc758 \uc544\ub4e4\uc774 \uc721\uc2e0\ud654\ud558\uc5ec, \ud0dc\uc5b4\ub0a0 \ub54c\ubd80\ud130 \uc8fd\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758  \uc77c\uc0dd\uc744 \uc120\ubb3c\ub85c \uc900\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8. \ud6c8\uc7a5\uc774\ub098 \uc0c1\uc7a5\uc740 \uc77c\uc774 \ub05d\ub0ac\uc744 \ub54c \uc218\uc5ec\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc77c\uc0dd\uc758 \uc218\uc5ec\ub294 \uc55e\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \ubcf4\uace0 \ubc30\uc6b0\ub77c\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\ub85c \uc8fc\ub294 \uc120\ubb3c\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">12 \uba5c\uae30\uc138\ub371 \uad00\ub9ac\uc790<\/span>\ub4e4\uc774 \uc774\uc81c\ub098 \uc800\uc81c\ub098 \ubbf8\uac00\uc5d8\uc774 \uc624\uc2dc\uae30\ub97c \uae30\ub2e4\ub838\uc73c\ub098,  3\ub9cc\ub144\uc774 \uc9c0\ub098\ub3c4\ub85d \uc544\ubb34\ub7f0 \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc784\uc774 \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(ii) \uba5c\uae30\uc138\ub371\ub4e4\uc740 \uc5d0\ub374\uc2dc\uc544 \ucd5c\uace0\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9c4\ub9ac\uc758 \ube5b\uc744 \ubcf4\uc874\ud558\ub824\uba74 \ubb34\uc5b8\uac00 \uc870\uce58\uac00 \uc788\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uaca0\ub294\uac00 \ud0c4\uc6d0\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc720\ub780\uc2dc\uc544\uc758 \ud589\uc815 \uc0ac\ubb34\ub294 \uc624\uc9c1 12 \uba5c\uae30\uc138\ub371 \uad00\ub9ac\uc790\uc758 \uad00\ud560\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc774 \ud0c4\uc6d0\uc740 \uae30\uac01\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(iii) \uc544\ubc84\uc9c0 \uba5c\uae30\uc138\ub371\uc5d0\uac8c \uc0c1\uc18c\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \ubbf8\uac00\uc5d8\uc774 \ub098\ud0c0\ub098\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0, \uad00\ub9ac\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc54c\uc544\uc11c \ud558\ub77c\ub294 \ub9d0\uc500\ub9cc \ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(iv) \uae30\uc6d0\uc804 1900\ub144\uacbd<\/p>\n<p>\ubbf8\uac00\uc5d8\uc758 \uac15\ub9bc\uc744 \uc900\ube44\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud558\uc5ec, \uad00\ub9ac\uc790\ub4e4 \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9c8\ud0a4\ubca4\ud0c0 \uba5c\uae30\uc138\ub371\uc774 \uc120\ud0dd\ub418\uc5b4 \uc0b4\ub818 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \ud30c\uacac\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uad00\ub9ac\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \ud658\uacbd \uc870\uc131<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color: #00FFFF\">\uad00\ub9ac\uc790<\/span>\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8: \uacf5\uc2dd \ud1b5\uce58\uc790\uac00 \uc798\ubabb\uc744 \uc800\uc9c8\ub800\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \uc784\uba85\ubc1b\ub294 \uc784\uc2dc \ud1b5\uce58\uc790\ub97c \ub73b\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uc544\ub2f4\uacfc \uc774\ube0c\uac00 \uc2e4\uc218\ud558\ub294 \ubc14\ub78c\uc5d0 12 \uba5c\uae30\uc138\ub371\uc774 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uad00\ub9ac\ub97c \ub9e1\uc740 \uac83\uc744 \ub9d0\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(i) \uac00\ube0c\ub9ac\uc5d8\uacfc \uc758\ub17c\ud55c \ub4a4\uc5d0, \ubbf8\uac00\uc5d8\uc740 \uc720\ub780\uc2dc\uc544\ub97c \uc218\uc5ec \ud589\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. (122\ud3b8)<\/p>\n<p>(ii) \uc608\uc218\uc758 \ud560 \uc77c\uc740 \uc9c4\uc2e4\uc744 \uac00\ub974\uce58\ub294 <span style=\"background-color: #00FFFF\">\uc120\uc0dd \uc5ed\ud560<\/span>\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. (\uc774\ub9c8\ub204\uc5d8\uc758 \ub2f9\ubd80)<\/p>\n<p>(iii) \ubbf8\uac00\uc5d8\uc774 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc744 \uc120\ud0dd\ud55c \uac83\uc740 <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uc798\ubabb\uc774\uc5c8\ub294\uac00?<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4, \uc720\ub300\uc778 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c \ud558\ub098\ub2d8 \uac1c\ub150\uc774 \uc81c\uc77c \ubc1c\ub2ec\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. (\uc544\ub9c8\ub3c4 \uc544\ucf00\ub098\ud1a4\uc774 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \uc528\ub97c \ubfcc\ub838\ub2e4.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ubbf8\uac00\uc5d8 \uc218\uc5ec\uc758 3\uac00\uc9c0 \ud544\uc218 \uc870\uac74<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uc5b8\uc5b4\uc640 \ub3c4\ub85c<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">(i)<\/span> \uadf8\uc758 \uc218\uc5ec \uc0dd\uc560\uac00 \ud5db\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ub824\uba74 \uba3c\uc800 \uadf8\uc758 <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uac00\ub974\uce68\uc744 \uc54c\uc544\ub4e3\ub294 <\/span> \uc885\uc871\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc544\ub9c8\ub3c4 \uc720\ub300\uc778\uc774 \uc81c\uc77c \uc7a5\uc810\uc744 \uac00\uc84c\ub358 \ub4ef.<\/p>\n<p>(a) \uc720\ub300\uc778\uc774 \uc608\uc218\uc758 \uac00\ub974\uce68\uc744 \uc544\ub9c8\ub3c4 \uac70\ubd80\ud558\ub9ac\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc9d0\uc791\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8\ub798\ub3c4 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubbfc\uc871\ubcf4\ub2e4, \uc720\ub300\uc778 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c \uc131\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ucd5c\uc120\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubbf8\uac00\uc5d8\uc774 \uacb0\uc815\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(b) \ub9c8\ud0a4\ubca4\ud0c0 \uba5c\uae30\uc138\ub371\uc774 \uc9c4\uc2e4\uc758 \ube5b\uc744 \uc0b4\ub824 \ub450\ub824\uace0 \uae30\uc6d0\uc804 1900\ub144 \uacbd\uc5d0  \uc0b4\ub818\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uc11c \uc544\ube0c\ub77c\ud568\uc744 \uac00\ub974\ucce4\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">(ii)<\/span> <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uc9c0\uc911\ud574 \uc138\uacc4<\/span>\uc640 \uac19\uc774, <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ud55c \uac00\uc9c0 \uc5b8\uc5b4<\/span>\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud788 \ub113\uc740 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\uac83\uc740 \uae30\uc6d0\uc804 334\ub144\uc5d0 \uc54c\ub809\uc0b0\ub354 \ub300\uc655\uc774 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574 \uc138\uacc4\uc758 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc744 \uc815\ubcf5\ud568\uc73c\ub85c \ucda9\uc871\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc54c\ub809\uc0b0\ub354\ub294 \ud398\ub974\uc2dc\uc544\ub97c \uc815\ubcf5\ud558\uace0, Ecbatana, Susa, Persepolis \ub4f1\uc5d0\uc11c \ud669\uc2e4\uc758 \uae08\uace0\ub97c \ud138\uace0 200,000 talent \uc758 \uae08\uc740\uc744 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub85c \uac00\uc838\uac00\uc11c \uc740\ud654 drakma\ub97c \ucc0d\uc5b4\ub0c8\ub2e4. \ub4a4\uc774\uc5b4 \ub85c\ub9c8\uc778\uc740 \ub370\ub098\ub9ac\uc628 \uc740\uc804\uc744 \ucc0d\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc54c\ub809\uc0b0\ub4dc\ub9ac\uc544\ub294 \ud5ec\ub77c \ubb38\ud654, \uacbd\uc81c, \ud559\ubb38\uc758 \uc911\uc2ec\uc9c0\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">(iii)<\/span> \uc804\ub3c4\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \uc5ec\ud589\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uc138\uacc4 \uac01 \uacf3\uc744 \uc5f0\uacb0\ud558\ub294 <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ub3c4\ub85c\uac00 \ubc1c\ub2ec\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c<\/span> \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774 \uc870\uac74\uc740 \ub85c\ub9c8\uac00 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc758 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub4e4\uc744 \uc5f0\uacb0\ud558\ub294 \ub3c4\ub85c\ub97c \uac74\uc124\ud568\uc73c\ub85c \ucda9\uc871\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(a) \uae30\uc6d0\uc804 312\ub144\uc5d0 \uad70\uc218 \ubb3c\uc790\ub97c \uc218\uc1a1\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud558\uc5ec,Via Appia (Appian Way)\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\uace0, \uc774 \ub3c4\ub85c\ub294 \ub85c\ub9c8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uc5ec \ub0a8\ub3d9\ucabd\uc73c\ub85c Tarentum (\uc9c0\uae08\uc740 Tarento)\uae4c\uc9c0 260km\ub098 \ub418\ub294  \ub300\ub85c\uc600\ub2e4. \uadf8\ud6c4\uc5d0 \ud544\uc694\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub85c\ub9c8\uc640 \uc5f0\uacb0\ud558\ub294 \ub3c4\ub85c\ub97c \ub354 \uac74\uc124\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(b) Spartacus \ubc18\ub780\uc774 \uae30\uc6d0\uc804 73\ub144\uc5d0 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0ac\uace0 \ub0b4\ub780\uc774\ub098 \ud3ed\ub3d9\uc774 \ub04a\uc784\uc5c6\uc5c8\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ub85c\ub9c8\uc758 \uad70\ub300\ub97c \uc2e0\uc18d\ud788 \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc774\ub824\uba74 \ub3c4\ub85c\uac00 \ubc1c\ub2ec\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(c) All roads lead to Rome (\ubaa8\ub4e0 \uae38\uc740 \ub85c\ub9c8\ub85c \ud1b5\ud55c\ub2e4)\ub294 \ub9d0\uc774 \uc788\ub4ef\uc774 \uc81c\uad6d\uc758 \ub300\ub85c\ub294  \ub85c\ub9c8\ub97c \uc911\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \ubc29\uc0ac\ub41c\ub2e4. \ub85c\ub9c8\uc778\uc774 \uac74\uc124\ud55c \uae38\uc758 \ucd1d \uae38\uc774\ub294 400,000km (250,000 mile)\ub098 \ub418\uc5c8\uace0,  \uc774\uc640 \ube44\uad50\ud558\uc5ec, \uc544\uc774\uc820\ud558\uc6cc \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uc774 \uc2dc\uc791\ud55c \ubbf8\uad6d \ub3c4\ub85c\uc758 \ucd1d \uae38\uc774\ub294 45,000mile\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uc720\ub300\uc778 \ud3ed\ub3d9\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"background-color: #00FFFF\"><\/span><span style=\"background-color: #00FFFF\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color: #00FFFF\">(i)<\/span> \uc608\uc218\uc758 \ub3d9\uc0dd\uc740 (James the Less, or James the Just) \uc608\ub8e8\uc0b4\ub818\uc5d0 \uc138\uc6e0\ub358 \uccab \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc6b0\ub450\uba38\ub9ac\uc600\ub294\ub370, \uc720\ub300\uc778\uc758 \ud3ed\ub3d9\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\uc790 \uad50\ud68c\ub97c 68\ub144\uc5d0 \ud3a0\ub77c\ub85c \uc62e\uacbc\ub2e4\uac00 \uc608\ub8e8\uc0b4\ub818\uc73c\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uc654\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(ii) \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc11c\uae30 132\ub144\uc5d0 \ub450\ubc88\uc9f8 \ubc18\ub780, \ubc14\ub974 \ucf54\ud06c\ubc14(Bar Kokhba) \ud3ed\ub3d9\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0ac\uace0, \uc774\ub97c \uc9c4\uc555\ud558\ub290\ub77c\uace0, Hadrian \ud669\uc81c\uac00 \uc720\ub300\uc778\uc758 2\/3\ub97c \ubab0\uc0b4\ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\ub54c\ubd80\ud130 \uc720\ub300\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uc608\ub8e8\uc0b4\ub818\uc744 \ub5a0\ub098 \uc720\ub791 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\uc778\uc758 \uacf5\ub85c<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\uc778 \uc81c\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc9c4\ub9ac\uc758 \ud683\ubd88\uc744 \uc774\uc5b4\ubc1b\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub354\ub77c\uba74, \uc608\uc218\uc758 \uac00\ub974\uce68\uc740 \uc138\uc6d4 \uc18d\uc5d0 \ud30c\ubb3b\ud600 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc758 \uba38\ub9ac \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uace7 \uc0ac\ub77c\uc84c\uc744\uc9c0\ub3c4 \ubaa8\ub978\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(i) \ub2e4\ud589\ud788 \uc2e0\uc57d\uc740 <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\uc5b4<\/span>\ub85c \uae30\ub85d\ub418\uc5c8\uace0,  \ub85c\ub9c8\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \uae38\uc744 \uc798 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub193\uc558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \uc608\uc218\uc758 \uac00\ub974\uce68\uc740 300\ub144 \uc548\uc5d0 \ub85c\ub9c8 \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0 \ub110\ub9ac \ud37c\uc84c\ub2e4. \ubca0\ub4dc\ub85c\ub294 \ub9c8\uac00\uac00 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\uc5b4\ub97c \uc798 \ud588\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uccab \ubcf5\uc74c\uc11c\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud558\ub294 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ub9e1\uacbc\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(ii) \ub85c\ub9c8 \uc81c\uad6d\uc774 \ub9dd\ud55c \ub4a4\uc5d0\ub3c4 (\uc11c\uae30 476\ub144) Constantine \ub300\uc81c\uac00 \uc138\uc6b4 Byzantine \uc81c\uad6d\uc740 1453\ub144\uae4c\uc9c0 1\ucc9c \ub144\uc744 \ub354 \ubc84\ud2f0\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uba5c\uae30\uc138\ub371\ub4e4\uc758 \ud3ec\uc11d (?)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\uc720\ub780\uc2dc\uc544\ub97c \uc8fc\uc2dc\ud574 \uc654\ub358 \uba5c\uae30\uc138\ub371\ub4e4\uc774 \ub54c\ub9de\uac8c \ud3ec\uc11d\uc744 \uc798\ud588\uac70\ub098, \ub85c\ub9c8 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \ub3c4\ub85c \ub2e6\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud558\uc5ec, \ub85c\ub9c8\uc640 \uce74\ub974\ud0c0\uace0\uc758 \uc804\uc7c1\uc5d0\uc11c (punic war) \ub85c\ub9c8\uac00 \uc774\uae30\ub3c4\ub85d \uac04\uc12d\ud588\ub294\uc9c0\ub3c4 \ubaa8\ub978\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774 \uc804\uc7c1\uc5d0\uc11c \uce74\ub974\ud0c0\uace0\uac00 \uc774\uacbc\ub354\ub77c\uba74, \ud398\ub2c8\ud0a4\uc544\uc778\uc740 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uc801\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\ub2c8\uae4c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3c4\ub85c\ub97c \ub193\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc744 \ud130\uc774\uace0, \ub193\uc558\ub2e4 \ud558\ub354\ub77c\uace0 \ub85c\ub9c8\uc778\ub9cc\ud07c \uad11\ubc94\uc704\ud55c \uaddc\ubaa8\ub85c \ub3c4\ub85c\ub9dd\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uae30\ub3c5\uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uc8fc\uac00 \uc2b9\ucc9c\ud558\uc2e0 \ub4a4, 300\ub144 \uc548\uc5d0 <span style=\"background-color: #FFFF00\">\uc11c\uc591 \uc138\uacc4\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac<\/span>\ub97c \ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4 \ub193\uc558\ub2e4 (\uc720\ub780\uc2dc\uc544\uc11c)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uac00\ube0c\ub9ac\uc5d8\uc758 \uc900\ube44 \uc791\uc5c5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">(a) \uac00\ube0c\ub9ac\uc5d8<\/span>\uc774 \uc720\ub780\uc2dc\uc544\ub97c \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\uace0\uc11c, \uc9c0\uc801, \uc720\uc804\uc801 \uc694\uc778(\uc544\ub2f4\uc758 \ud53c\uac00 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc810)\ub4e4\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uac74\ub300, \ud788\ube0c\ub9ac \uc885\uc871\uc774 \ucd5c\uc120\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uacb0\uc815\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(b) \uc774 \uacb0\uc815\uc744 <span style=\"background-color: #FFFF00\">\ubbf8\uac00\uc5d8<\/span>\uc774 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc720\ub300\uc778\uc758 \uac00\uc871 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \uc870\uc0ac\ud558\ub77c\uace0 12\uc790 \uac00\uc871 \uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uac00 \uc784\uba85\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774 \uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uac00 3\uc30d\uc744 \ucd94\ucc9c\ud588\uace0,<\/p>\n<p>(c) \uac00\ube0c\ub9ac\uc5d8\uc774 \ub9c8\ub9ac\uc544\uc640 \uc694\uc149\uc758 \uac00\uc815\uc744 \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. <span style=\"background-color: #00FFFF\">\uc694\uc149<\/span>\uc774 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\uc5b4\ub97c \uac00\ub974\uce60 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub358 \uac83\uc774 \uc120\ud0dd \uc694\uc778\uc774\uc5c8\uc744\uc9c0\ub3c4 \ubaa8\ub978\ub2e4. (\uc138\uacc4 \uc5ec\ud589 \uc900\ube44)<\/p>\n<p>(d) \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc5d0 <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ub9c8\uac00<\/span>\uc758 \uc9d1\ucc98\ub7fc \ubd80\uc720\ud55c \uac00\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc790\uc2dd\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\uc5b4\ub97c \uac00\ub974\ucce4\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uc608\uc218\uc758 \uac00\ub974\uce58\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95<\/td>\n<td>6\uac1c\uc6d4 \uba38\ubb34\ub974\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548\uc5d0, \uc608\uc218\ub294 \uacac\uc720\ud559\ud30c\u318d\uae08\uc695\uc8fc\uc758\ud30c\u318d\uc2e0\ube44 \uc885\ud30c\uc758 \uc9c0\ub3c4\uc790\ub4e4\uc744 \uc218\uc18c\ubb38\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub97c \ub098\ub204\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(i) \uc608\uc218\ub294 \uae30\ub3c5\uad50 \uc804\ub3c4\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \uace7 \ub85c\ub9c8\ub85c \uc62c \uac83\uc744 \ub0b4\ub2e4\ubcf4\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(ii) \ud55c \ubc88\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 <span style=\"background-color: #00FFFF\">\uc798\ubabb\uc744 \uacf5\uaca9<\/span>\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uac00\ub974\uce68\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uacb0\uc810\uc744 \uc5b8\uae09\ud558\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uc2e0\uc758 \uc138 \uc218<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uc608\uc218\uc758<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uac1c\uc778\uc801\uc778 \uc870\uce58<\/span><\/td>\n<td> \uc608\uc218\uac00 \ub9cc\ub09c \uc885\uad50 \uc9c0\ub3c4\uc790 32\uba85 \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c 30\uba85\uc774 \uae30\ub3c5\uad50\ub97c \uc138\uc6b0\ub294 \uc8fc\ucd95\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uae30\ub3c5\uad50\uac00 \uae09\uc18d\ud788 \uc804\ud30c\ub418\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e0 \uc608\uc218\uc758 3\uac00\uc9c0 \uc870\uce58:<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\u2666<\/span> 1. \uc2dc\ubaac <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ubca0\ub4dc\ub85c<\/span>\ub97c \uc0ac\ub3c4\ub85c \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\uace0 \ubd99\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub454 \uac83.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\u2666<\/span> 2. \uc608\ub8e8\uc0b4\ub818\uc5d0\uc11c <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uc2a4\ud14c\ubc18<\/span>\uacfc \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ud55c \uac83.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\u2666<\/span> 3. \ub85c\ub9c8\uc5d0\uc11c \ud6c4\uc77c\uc5d0 \uae30\ub3c5\uad50\ub97c \uc8fc\ub3c4\ud560 <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ub85c\ub9c8\uc778 30\uba85<\/span>\uc744 \ubbf8\ub9ac \uc608\ube44\ud55c \uac83.<\/p>\n<p>\uc608\uc218\ub294 \ud55c \ubc88\uc5d0 3\uba85\uc744 \ub9cc\ub098\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uace0, \ub450 \uba85\uc744 \ub118\uac8c \ub9cc\ub098\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \ub4dc\ubb3c\uc5c8\uace0, \ud558\ub098\uc529 \uac00\ub974\uce5c \uc801\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \ub9ce\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ubca0\ub4dc\ub85c\ub294 \ub2e4\ub9c8\uc2a4\ucee4\uc2a4 \uc11c\uae30\uad00\uc774 \uc608\uc218\uc600\uc744\uc9c0 \ubaa8\ub978\ub2e4\uace0 \ucd94\uce21\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8 \uc0dd\uac01\uc744 \ub5a8\uccd0\ubc84\ub838\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ub85c\ub9c8\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9cc\ub09c \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4<\/span> (132\ud3b8)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Outline<\/td>\n<td>1. \ucc38\ub41c \uac00\uce58 (\uc559\uac00\ubaac)<\/p>\n<p>2. \uc120\uacfc \uc545 (\ub9c8\ub974\ub450\uc2a4)<\/p>\n<p>3. \uc9c4\uc2e4\uacfc \ubbff\uc74c<\/p>\n<p>4. \ub098\ubcf8<\/p>\n<p>5. \uac1c\uc778\uc801 \ubd09\uc0ac<\/p>\n<p>6. \ubd80\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc870\uc5b8 (\ub3c8\uc744 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubc8c\uae4c, \uc4f8\uae4c)<\/p>\n<p>7. \uc0ac\ud68c \ubd09\uc0ac<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>1. \ucc38\ub41c \uac00\uce58<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"16%\">\uc559\uac00\ubaac<\/td>\n<td width=\"84%\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\"> \uae08\uc695\uc8fc\uc758\ud30c<\/span> (Stoics) \uc9c0\ub3c4\uc790 \uc559\uac00\ubaac\uc744 \uac00\ub974\ucce4\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc559\uac00\ubaac\uc740 \ub098\uc911\uc5d0 \ubc14\uc6b8\uacfc \uce5c\uad6c\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. (\uc608\uc218\uc758 \uac00\ub974\uce68)<\/p>\n<p>(i) \ucc38\ub41c \uac00\uce58\uc758 \uae30\uc900\uc740 (\ubb3c\uc9c8\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c) \uc601\uc801 \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc3e\uc544\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(ii) \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc801 \uae30\uc900\uc740 (\uad8c\ub825\uacfc \uc7ac\uc0b0 \ub530\uc704) \ubaa8\ub450 \uc77c\uc2dc\uc801\u318d\ubd80\ubd84\uc801\uc774\uba70 \uc5f4\ub4f1\ud558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc5c4\ubc00\ud558\uac8c \ub9d0\ud558\uba74, \uacfc\ud559\uc790\ub294 \uc790\uae30\uac00 \uc720\ubb3c\ub860\uc790\ub098 \uc774\uc0c1\uc8fc\uc758\uc790\ub77c\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud560  \uad8c\ub9ac\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \ud0dc\ub3c4\ub294 \uacfc\ud559\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ucca0\ud559\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(iii) \ub192\uc740 \ub3c4\ub355\uc801 \uac00\uce58\uad00\uacfc \uc601\uc801 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uacfc\ud559\uc790\uc640 \uc774\uc0c1\uc8fc\uc758\uc790\ub294 \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ud234 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4. (\uac01\uc790\uac00 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc5f0\uc7a5\uc774 \ub2e4\ub974\ub2e4)<\/p>\n<p>(iv) \uc5b4\ub290 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc774\ub978\ubc14 \uacfc\ud559\uc774\ub098 \uc885\uad50\uac00 \uac70\uc9d3\ub418\ub2e4\uba74, \uadf8\ub4e4\uc740 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc744 \uc815\ud654(\u6de8\u5316)\ud558\ub4e0\uc9c0, \uc544\ub2c8\uba74 \uc0ac\ub77c\uc838\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4<\/p>\n<p>(<span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">Shape up or ship out<\/span>)<\/p>\n<p>\ud604\ub300\uc778\uc758 \uc885\uad50\ub3c4 \uc0b4\uc544\ub0a8\uc73c\ub824\uba74 \uc815\ud654\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">2. \uc120\uacfc \uc545<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ub9c8\ub974\ub450\uc2a4<\/td>\n<td>\n\t\t\t\t\ub9c8\ub974\ub450\uc2a4\ub294 <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uacac\uc720\ud559\ud30c<\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uc815\ubc1b\uc740 \uc9c0\ub3c4\uc790\uc600\ub2e4. \uc608\uc218\ub294 \uc120\uacfc \uc545\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub9c8\ub974\ub450\uc2a4\uc758 \uc9c8\ubb38\uc5d0 \ub300\ub2f5\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc120\uacfc \uc545\uc740  \uc870\uc808\uc790\uc758 \uc601\uc801 \uae30\uc900\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uacb0\uc815\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(i) \uacfc\ud559\uc758 \uba85\ub839, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \uad00\uc2b5, \uc885\uad50\uc758 \ub3c5\ub2e8\uc744 \ub17c\ub9ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub530\ub974\ub294, \uc601\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub208\uc774 \uba3c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uc9c0\uc801 \uc575\ubb34\uc0c8<\/span>\uc694, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\ub3d9 \uc778\ud615, \uc885\uad50\uc801 \uad8c\ud55c\uc5d0 \uc885\uc774 \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(ii) \uc778\uac04\uc774 \uc131\uc7a5\ud558\uba74\uc11c, \uc120\uc774 \ucee4\uc9c0\uace0 \uc545\uc774 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4dc\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubc1c\uacac\ud55c\ub2e4. \ud63c\uc774 \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9 \uc601 \uc218\uc900\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0, \uc545\ud55c \uac83\uc744 \uccb4\ud5d8\ud558\ub294 \ub2a5\ub825\uc740 \uc644\uc804\ud788 \uc0ac\ub77c\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(iii) \ud30c\ub77c\ub2e4\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0 \uc774\ub97c \ub54c\uae4c\uc9c0, \uc120\uc740 \uc5b8\uc81c\ub098 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ubaa9\ud45c\uc77c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud30c\ub77c\ub2e4\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0 \uc774\ub97c \ub54c\uac00 \ub418\uba74, \ud558\ub298 \uac00\ub294 \ud544\uc0ac\uc790\ub294 \uc0dd\uba85\uc758 \ube5b\uc744 \uc644\uc804\ud788 \uc18c\uc720\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(iv) \uc545\uc758 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc740 \ub3c4\ub355\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd\uc5d0 \ud544\uc694\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc545\uc774 \ud604\uc2e4\ud654\ub420 \ud544\uc694\ub294 \uc5c6\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">3. \uc9c4\uc2e4\uacfc \ubbff\uc74c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ub098\ubcf8\uc5d0\uac8c \ud558\uc2e0 \ub9d0\uc500<\/td>\n<td>\n\t\t\t\t\ub098\ubcf8\uc740 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\uacc4 \uc720\ub300\uc778\uc774\uc694, <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\"> \ubbf8\ud2b8\ub77c(Mithras) \uad50<\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c \uc73c\ub738\uac00\ub294 \uc9c0\ub3c4\uc790\uc600\ub2e4. \uc608\uc218\ub294 \ub098\ubcf8\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uc9c4\uc2e4\uacfc \ubbff\uc74c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \ud1a0\ub860\uc744 \uac00\uc84c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color: #FFFF00\">12\uc6d4 25\uc77c<\/span>\uc740 \ubbf8\ud2b8\ub77c\uc2a4\uc758 \uc0dd\uc77c.<\/p>\n<p>(i) \uc9c4\uc2e4\uc740 \ub9d0\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc624\uc9c1 <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uc2e4\ucc9c<\/span>\ud568\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\uc758\ub97c \ub0b4\ub9b4 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc9c0\uc2dd\uc740 \uacfc\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c, \uc9c0\ud61c\ub294 \ucc38\ub41c \ucca0\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c, \uc9c4\uc2e4\uc740 \uc601\uc801 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc758 \uc885\uad50\uc801 \uccb4\ud5d8\uc5d0\uc11c \ube44\ub86f\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(ii) \ubbff\uc74c\uc744 \uc2e4\ucc9c\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc790\ub294 \uacb0\ucf54  \uc778\ud488\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c4\uc2e4\uc131\uc774 \uc19f\uc544\ub098\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(iii) (<span style=\"background-color: #FFFF00\">\uc870\uc808\uc790 \uc5b8\uae09) \ubbff\uc74c\uc740<\/span> \uc2e0\uc131\ud55c \ubd88\uaf43, \uace7 \ubd88\uba78\uc758 \uc528\ub208\uc774 \ud65c\ub3d9\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud574\ubc29\ud558\uace0, \uadf8 \uc528\ub208\uc740 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \uc9c0\uc131 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\ub294\ub370, \uc774\uac83\uc774 \uc601\uc0dd\uc758 \uc7a0\uc7ac\uc131\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>(iv) \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \ud63c(\uc778\uaca9)\uc740 \uae43\ub4dc\ub294 \uc774 <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uc2e0\uc131\uc758 \ubd88\uaf43\uacfc<\/span> \uc5f0\ud569\ud568\uc73c\ub85c  \uc0b4\uc544\ub0a8\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(v) \uc778\uac04\uc758 \uc0dd\uba85\uc740 \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4\u2015\uc0b4\uc544\ub0a8\ub294\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc0dd\uba85\uc774 \ud558\ub098\ub2d8\uc744 \ucc3e\uc544\ub0b4\ub294 \uacfc\uc81c\ub97c \uac00\uc84c\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \ubbff\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c \ud65c\uae30\ub97c \uc5bb\uc740 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \ud63c\uc740 \uc774 \uc6b4\uba85\uc758 \ubaa9\ud45c\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ub2ec\ud558\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0 \uba48\ucd9c \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">4. \uac1c\uc778\uc801 \ubd09\uc0ac<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ub9d0\uc500\uc758 \uc694\uc810<\/td>\n<td>\uc608\uc218\ub294 \ub85c\ub9c8\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548, \uc55e\ub0a0\uc5d0 \uc81c\uc790\uac00 \ub420 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc744 \uc900\ube44\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uc77c\uc5d0\ub9cc \uc5ec\uac00\ub97c \uc4f0\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc608\uc218\uac00 \uc778\uac04\uacfc \uc811\ucd09\ud558\ub294 \ub370\ub294 <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \ubaa9\uc801<\/span>\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<p>(i) \uc608\uc218\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \uc778\uc0dd\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubc18\uc751\ud558\ub294\uac00 \uc54c\uace0 \uc2f6\uc5b4\ud588\uace0, \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc778\uc0dd\uc744 \uac00\uce58 \uc788\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc744 \ub9d0\uc500\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ud589\ud560 \uc0dd\uac01\uc744 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(ii) \uc608\uc218\uac00 \uc804\ud55c \ub9d0\uc500\uc758 \uc694\uc810\uc740,<\/p>\n<p>\ud558\ub298 \uc544\ubc84\uc9c0\uc758 \uc0ac\ub791\uc774 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774\uc694,<\/p>\n<p>\ubbff\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub098\ub2d8\uc758 \uc544\ub4e4\uc774 \ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ub85c\ub9c8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc608\uc218\uac00 \ub9cc\ub09c \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4<\/td>\n<td>\n\t\t\t\t\ub85c\ub9c8\uc758 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc0c1\uc6d0 \uc758\uc6d0\uacfc \uc815\uce58 \uc815\uc2e0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub97c \ub098\ub204\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \uc815\ubd80\ub97c \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \uad00\ub150\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc744 \uc124\ub4dd\ud558\ub824\uace0 \ud5db\ub418\uc774 \uc560\uc37c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(i) \uc5b4\ub290 \ubd80\uc720\ud55c \ub178\uc608 \uc18c\uc720\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 \ud558\ub098\ub2d8\uc758 \uc544\ub4e4\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uac00\ub974\ucce4\ub2e4. \uc774\ud2bf\ub0a0 \ud074\ub77c\uc6b0\ub514\uc6b0\uc2a4\ub294 \ub178\uc608 117\uba85\uc5d0\uac8c \uc790\uc720\ub97c \uc8fc\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>1\uc138\uae30\uc5d0 \ub178\uc608\uc758 \uac12\uc740 \ub300\uccb4\ub85c 500 denarii (\uc57d 4400 USD). \ub178\uc608\ub97c \ud574\ubc29\ud560 \uad8c\ud55c\uc740 \uc18c\uc720\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc788\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098 5% \ud574\ubc29\uc138\ub97c \ubb3c\uc5b4\uc57c \ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color:#FAEBD7;\">Edict of Diocletian on Maximum Prices <\/span> (<span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">301 AD<\/span>),<\/p>\n<p>\uc778\ud50c\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc744 \ud1b5\uc81c\ud558\ub290\ub77c\uace0 \uac00\uaca9\uc744 \uace0\uc2dc\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc885\uc758 \uac12\uc740 400 \ub370\ub098\ub9ac\uc628 (\uc740\uc804), \uac00\ub8df \uc720\ub2e4\uac00 \ubc1b\uc740 \ub3c8 (\uc740\uc804 30 \ub370\ub098\ub9ac\uc628\uc774 \uc885\uc758 \uac12\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\ub2c8, 300\ub144 \ub3d9\uc548\uc5d0 \ubb3c\uac00\uac00 10\ubc30 \ub118\uac8c \uc62c\ub77c\uc11c \ud669\uc81c\uac00 \ubb3c\uac00\ub97c \uc7a1\uc73c\ub824\uace0 \uc560\uc4f4 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uad70\uc778 \ubd09\uae09 (\ub9c8\ub9ac\uc6b0\uc2a4\ub294 112 \ub370\ub098\ub9ac\uc628\uc744 \uc9c0\ubd88\ud588\uace0, \ucf00\uc790\ub294 225 \ub370\ub098\ub9ac\uc628\uc744 \uc9c0\ubd88\ud588\ub2e4, 55 BC) 50 denarii was deducted for food (1\ub144 \uc2dd\ube44), and 60 for arms. \ubd09\uae09\uc758 \uc808\ubc18\uc774 \uc2dd\ube44\uc640 \ubb34\uae30\ube44\uc5d0 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac14\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc5b5\uc6b8\ud558\uac8c \uace0\ubc1c\ub2f9\ud55c \uc5b4\ub290 \uac00\ub09c\ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc744 \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \uc608\uc218\ub294 \ud310\uc0ac \uc55e\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcc0\ub860\ud558\uc600\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<p>(ii) \uc815\uc758(\u6b63\u7fa9)\ub294 \ub098\ub77c\ub97c \uc704\ub300\ud558\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uba70, \ub098\ub77c\uac00 \uc704\ub300\ud560\uc218\ub85d \uac00\uc7a5 \ube44\ucc9c\ud55c \uc2dc\ubbfc\ub3c4 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \ud310\uacb0\uc744 \ubc1b\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub824\uace0 \ub354\uc6b1 \uc560\uc4f8 \uac83\uc774\ub77c.<\/p>\n<p>\uc99d\uac70\ub97c \uc0c5\uc0c5\uc774 \uc870\uc0ac\ud55c \ub4a4\uc5d0, \ud310\uc0ac\ub294 \uadf8 \uc8c4\uc218\ub97c \ud50c\uc5b4\uc8fc\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">5. \ubd80\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc870\uc5b8\uc744 \uc8fc\ub2e4<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10\uac00\uc9c0 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc758 \uadfc\uc6d0<\/td>\n<td>\uc5b4\ub290 \ubd80\uc790\uac00 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc73c\ub85c \ubb34\uc5c7\uc744 \ud558\uaca0\ub294\uac00 \ubb3c\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc608\uc218\ub294 \uc5b4\ub514\uc5d0 \ub3c8\uc744 \uc4f0\ub77c\ub294 \ub9d0\uc500\uc740 \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uace0, \ub3c8\uc744 \uc815\ub2f9\ud558\uac8c \ubc8c\uc5c8\ub294\uac00 \ubb3b\uace0, \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\uac8c \ubc8c\uc5c8\ub2e4\uba74 \ubcf4\uc0c1\ud558\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\uc500\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ubd80\uc790\uac00 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ubb3c\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc744 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc368\uc57c \ud558\ub9ac\uc774\uae4c?<\/p>\n<p>\ub124\uac00 \ubb3c\uc5c8\uc73c\ub2c8 \uc870\uc5b8\uc744 \uc8fc\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\ub294 \ub108\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uac83\uc774\uc694, \ub0a8\uc5d0\uac8c\uc11c \uadf8\ub7f0 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uae30\ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc548 \ub41c\ub2e4. <span style=\"background-color:#FAEBD7;\">\uc7ac\uc0b0\uc758 10\uac00\uc9c0 \uadfc\uc6d0<\/span>\uc744 \ud30c\uc545\ud558\ub77c.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c1. \ubb3c\ub824\ubc1b\uc740 \uc7ac\uc0b0.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c2. \ubc1c\uacac\ud55c \uc7ac\uc0b0\u2015\ub300\uc9c0(\u5927\u5730)\uc758 \uac1c\ubc1c\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc790\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc5bb\uc740 \uc7ac\uc0b0.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c3. \uc0c1\uc5c5 \uc7ac\uc0b0\u2015\ubb3c\uc9c8 \uc0c1\ud488\uc758 \uad50\ud658\uacfc \ubb3c\ubb3c \uad50\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc774\uc775\uc73c\ub85c \uc5bb\uc740 \uc7ac\uc0b0.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c4. <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\uac8c \ucc29\ucde8\ud55c<\/span> \uc7ac\uc0b0\u2015\uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc744 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\uac8c \ucc29\ucde8\ud55c \uc7ac\uc0b0.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c5. \uc774\uc790(\u5229\u5b50)\ub85c \uc5bb\uc740 \uc7ac\uc0b0\u2015\ud22c\uc790\ud55c \uc790\ubcf8\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uacf5\ud3c9\ud558\uace0 \uc815\ub2f9\ud558\uac8c \ubc84\ub294 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0dd\uae30\ub294 \uc18c\ub4dd.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c6. \ucc9c\uc7ac(\u5929\u624d)\ub85c \uc5bb\uc740 \uc7ac\uc0b0\u2015\ubc1c\uba85\ud558\ub294 \uc790\uc9c8\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc5bb\uc740 \uc7ac\uc0b0.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c7. \uc6b0\uc5f0\ud788 \uc5bb\uc740 \uc7ac\uc0b0.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c8. <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ud6d4\uce5c \uc7ac\uc0b0<\/span>\u2015\ubd88\uacf5\ud3c9\u318d\ubd80\uc815\uc9c1\u318d\ub3c4\ub451\uc9c8 \ub610\ub294 \uc0ac\uae30(\u8a50\u6b3a)\ub85c \ud655\ubcf4\ud55c \uc7ac\uc0b0.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c9. \uc2e0\ud0c1(\u4fe1\u8a17) \uae30\uae08\u2015\uc5b4\ub5a4 \ud2b9\uc815\ud55c \uc6a9\ub3c4\ub97c \uc704\ud558\uc5ec, \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc774 \ub124 \uc190\uc5d0 \ub9e1\uae34 \uc7ac\uc0b0.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c10. \ubc8c\uc5b4\ub4e4\uc778 \uc7ac\uc0b0\u2015\uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c \ubab8\uc18c \uc218\uace0\ud558\uc5ec \uc9c1\uc811 \uc5bb\uc740 \uc7ac\uc0b0, \ubc14\ub85c \ub108\uc758 \uc815\uc2e0\uacfc \ubab8\uc774 \ub098\ub0a0\uc774 \ub178\ub825\ud558\uc5ec \uc5bb\ub294 \uacf5\ud3c9\ud558\uace0 \ub9c8\ub545\ud55c \ubcf4\uc0c1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc744 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud560 \uac83\uc778\uac00<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc744 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub294\uac00<\/td>\n<td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\uc815\uc758\u318d\uacf5\ud3c9\u318d\uacf5\uc815\u318d\ud6a8\uc728\uc131\uc758 \uc815\uc2e0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc744 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub77c.<\/p>\n<p>\uc758\uc2ec\uc774 \ub4e4 \ub54c, \uace4\uad81\ud55c \uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc720\ub9ac\ud558\uac8c \uacb0\uc815\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9ac\ub77c.<\/p>\n<p>1. \ubb3c\ub824\ubc1b\uc740 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc740 <\/span> \ubc30\uc0c1\ud558\ub77c. \ub098\uba38\uc9c0\ub294 \uc798 \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\uc5ec \ud6c4\uc138\uc5d0 \uc804\ub2ec\ud558\ub77c.<\/p>\n<p>2. \ubc1c\uacac\ud55c \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc740 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ucd5c\ub2e4\uc218\uc758 \uc778\uac04<\/span>\uc744 \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \uc368\ub77c.<\/p>\n<p>(John Stewart Mill: Greatest good for the greatest number)<\/p>\n<p>3. \uc0c1\uc5c5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5bb\ub294 \uc7ac\uc0b0 \uc911\uc5d0 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud574\ub3c4 \uc88b\uc73c\ub098, \ub098\uba38\uc9c0\ub294 \uc18c\uacac\ub300\ub85c \uc368\ub77c.<\/p>\n<p>4. <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \uc7ac\uc0b0<\/span>\uc740 \ube7c\uc557\uae34 \uc790\uc5d0\uac8c, \ub610\ub294 \uadf8 \uc790\uc190\uc5d0\uac8c \ub3cc\ub824\uc8fc\ub77c.<\/p>\n<p>5. \uc815\uc9c1\ud558\uac8c \uc5bb\uc740 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc740 \uc774\uc790\ub97c \ubc1b\uc544 \ub9c8\ub545\ud558\ub2c8\ub77c.<\/p>\n<p>6. \ucc9c\uc7ac\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc744 \ud655\ubcf4\ud574\ub3c4, \uadf8 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0 \ube5a\uc744 \uc84c\ub290\ub2c8\ub77c. \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc744 \uacf5\ud3c9\ud558\uac8c \ubd84\ubc30\ud558\ub294 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub290\ub2c8\ub77c. \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \ud615\uc81c\uc784\uc744 \uae68\ub2ec\uc73c\uba74, \uacf5\ud3c9\ud558\uac8c \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc744 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uc778\ub3c4\ud558\ub9ac\ub77c.<\/p>\n<p>7. \uc6b0\uc5f0\ud788 \uad74\ub7ec\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc628 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc740 \uac1c\uc778 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc2e0\ud0c1(\u4fe1\u8a17) \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uad00\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\uace0 \ucc98\ubd84\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub290\ub2c8\ub77c.<\/p>\n<p>8. \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \ubc88 \ub3c8\uc740 \uc8fc\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \ub3cc\ub824\uc8fc\uace0, <span style=\"background-color: #FFFF00\">\uc7ac\uc0b0\uc744 \uae68\ub057\uc774 \ud558\ub77c<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>9. \uc2e0\ud0c1 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc744 \uc704\ud0dc\ub86d\uac8c \ud558\uc9c0 \ub9d0\ub77c.<\/p>\n<p>10. \uc815\uc2e0\uacfc \uc721\uccb4\uc758 \ub178\ub3d9\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5bb\uc740 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc740 <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ub3d9\ub8cc\ub97c \ud574\uce58\uc9c0 <\/span> \uc54a\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub77c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">6. \uc0ac\ud68c \ubd09\uc0ac<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uae38 \uc783\uc740 \uc544\uc774<\/td>\n<td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\uc608\uc218\uc640 \uac00\ub2c8\ub4dc\ub294 \uc5b4\ub290 \uae38 \uc783\uc740 \uc544\uc774\ub97c \uc5b4\uba38\ub2c8\uc5d0\uac8c \ub3cc\ub824\uc8fc\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\ub108\ub3c4 \uc54c\ub2e4\uc2dc\ud53c, \uac00\ub2c8\ub4dc\uc57c, \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uc778\uac04\uc740 \uae38\uc744 \uc783\uc740 \uc544\uc774\uc640 \uac19\uc73c\ub2c8\ub77c.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\ub2e4\uc12f \uc544\uc774\ub97c \uac00\uc9c4 \uacfc\ubd80\ub97c \uc5ec\ub7ec \ubc88 \uc704\ub85c\ud558\ub7ec \uac14\uace0, \ub9cf\uc544\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc77c\uc790\ub9ac\ub97c \ucc3e\uc544\uc8fc\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uace0\ub178\ub4dc\uac00 \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4: &#8220;\ub2f9\uc2e0\uc740 \ubbf8\ub798 \uc138\ub300\ub97c \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \ucc45\uc744 \uc368\uc57c \ud558\uc624.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\uc608\uc218\ub294 \ub300\ub2f5\ud588\ub2e4: \u201c\ucc45\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c\u2015\ub0b4 \uc0ac\uba85\uc740 \uc774 \uc138\ub300\uc5d0, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc138\ub300\ub97c \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \uc77c\uc0dd\uc744 \uc0ac\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uc678\ub2e4.&#8221;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCFFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>7. \ub85c\ub9c8 \uadfc\ucc98\uc5d0\uc11c \ud55c \uc5ec\ud589<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ub9d0\uc500\uc744 \uc804\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uacbd\uc6b0<\/td>\n<td>\ubd81\ubd80 \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544\uc758 \ud638\uc218\ub4e4\uc744 \ucc3e\uc544\ubcf4\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc5d0\uac8c \uc65c \uc9c4\uc2e4\uc758 \ub9d0\uc500\uc744 \uc804\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub294\uac00 \uac00\ub2c8\ub4dc\uac00 \ubb3c\uc5c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\uac00\ub2c8\ub4dc\uc57c, \uadf8 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 \uc9c4\uc2e4\uc5d0 \uac08\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uace0 \uc790\uc2e0\uc5d0\uac8c \ubd88\ub9cc\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub290\ub2c8\ub77c. \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc744 \uc694\uccad\ud560 \uc900\ube44\uac00 \ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uace0, \ub9c8\uc74c\uc758 \ub208\uc740 \ud63c\uc744 \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \ube5b\uc744 \ubc1b\uc73c\ub824\uace0 \uc5f4\ub824 \uc788\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub294\uc9c0\ub77c&#8221;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#CCCFFF\">\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ubd80\ub2e4\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc758\uacac<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ubd80\ub2e4\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc758\uacac<\/td>\n<td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\uc2a4\uc704\uc2a4\ub97c \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\ub294 \uae38\uc5d0 \uace0\ub178\ub4dc\ub294 \ubb3c\uc5c8\ub2e4. \u201c\ub098\ub294 \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc774 \ubd80\ub2e4\ub97c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc815\ub9d0\ub85c \uc54c\uace0 \uc2f6\uc18c\uc774\ub2e4.\u201d \uc608\uc218\ub294 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub300\ub2f5\ud588\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<p>\ubd80\ub2e4\ub294 &#8220;\ud558\ub098\ub2d8\uc758 \uc0ac\uc790\ub85c\uc11c \uc0b4\uace0 \uac00\ub974\uce58\ub824\uace0 \uc560\uc37c\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud558\ub098\ub2d8 \uc5c6\uc774 \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \ud558\uc600\uc18c\uc774\ub2e4. \ubd80\ub2e4\ub294 \uc548\uc804\ud55c \ud56d\uad6c \ubc14\ub85c \uc55e\uae4c\uc9c0, \uc0ac\ub78c\uc744 \uad6c\uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \ud53c\ub09c\ucc98 \uc785\uad6c(\u5165\u53e3) \ubc14\ub85c \uc55e\uae4c\uc9c0 \uad6c\uc6d0\uc758 \ubc30\ub97c \uc548\ub0b4\ud558\uc600\uace0 \uac70\uae30\uc11c \uc798\ubabb\ub41c \ud574\ub3c4(\u6d77\u5716) \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \uc88b\uc740 \ubc30\uac00 \ub545\uc73c\ub85c \uc62c\ub77c\uac00 \ubc84\ub838\uc18c\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\uc624\ub298\ub0a0, \ubd88\uad50\ub3c4\ub294 <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ud558\ub098\ub2d8 \uc5c6\ub294 \ucca0\ud559<\/span> \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\ubc84\ub465\uce58\uace0, \ud55c\ud3b8 \ub0b4 \ubbfc\uc871\uc740 \uc0dd\uba85\uacfc \uc790\uc720\uc758 \ucca0\ud559, \uc720\uc775\ud55c \ucca0\ud559(\u54f2\u5b78)\uc774 \uc5c6\uc774, \ubd88\uc30d\ud558\uac8c\ub3c4 <span style=\"background-color:#00FFFF;\">\ud558\ub098\ub2d8\uc744 \ub450\ub824\uc6cc\ud558\ub294 \uc885<\/span>\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\uc18c\uc774\ub2e4.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\ubd88\uad50\ub97c \ube44\ud310\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \ubd88\uad50\uc640 \uc720\ub300\uad50\uc758 \uc7a5\ub2e8\uc810 \ube44\uad50.<\/p>\n<p>\uadf8\ub54c \uac00\ub2c8\ub4dc\uac00 \uc678\ucce4\ub2e4: \u201c\uc120\uc0dd\uc774\uc5ec, \ub2f9\uc2e0\uacfc \ub0b4\uac00 \uc0c8 \uc885\uad50\ub97c, \uc778\ub3c4\ub97c \uc704\ud574\uc11c \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \uc88b\uace0 \ub85c\ub9c8\ub97c \uc704\ud574\uc11c \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \ud070 \uc885\uad50\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4ed\uc2dc\ub2e4.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\uac00\ub2c8\ub4dc\ub294 \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4: \u201c\uc544\uc138\uc694, \uc544\ubc84\uc9c0, \ub098\ub294 \ub54c\ub54c\ub85c \uc694\uc218\uc544\uac00 \uc120\uc9c0\uc790\ub77c\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\ub098\uc774\ub2e4.\u201d \uc544\ubc84\uc9c0\ub294 \uc7a0\uc774 \uc624\ub294 \ubaa9\uc18c\ub9ac\ub85c \uaca8\uc6b0 \ub300\ub2f5\ud588\ub2e4: \u201c\uc544\ub4e4\uc544, \ub2e4\ub978 \uc774\ub3c4 \uc788\ub290\ub2c8\ub77c\u2015\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n\t\t\t\t<font size=\"5\">&nbsp;<\/font><\/td>\n<td>\n\t\t\t\t<font size=\"5\">&nbsp;<\/font><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/center><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uae30\ucd08\ubc18 \uc218\uc5c5 \uc81c\ubaa9 1. \ub85c\ub9c8 \uc138\uacc4\uc640 \uae30\ub3c5\uad50\uc758 \uc804\ud30c (6\uc6d4 9\uc77c): 132\ud3b8 +133\ud3b8 2. \uc911\ub3c4\uc790\uc758 \uacf5\ud5cc (6\uc6d4 16\uc77c): 77\ud3b8 3. \uc544\ub2f4\uacfc \uc774\ube0c\uc758 \uc2e4\ud328 (6\uc6d4 23\uc77c): 75\ud3b8 +76\ud3b8 4. \uc870\uc808\uc790\uc640 \ud544\uc0ac\uc790 (6\uc6d4&hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2334","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-5"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pb37T2-BE","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lightandlife.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2334","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lightandlife.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lightandlife.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lightandlife.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lightandlife.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2334"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/lightandlife.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2334\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2400,"href":"https:\/\/lightandlife.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2334\/revisions\/2400"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lightandlife.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2334"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lightandlife.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2334"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lightandlife.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2334"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}