P.1366 – §1 Although Jesus might have
enjoyed a better opportunity for schooling at Alexandria than in Galilee,
he could not have had such a splendid environment for working out his
own life problems with a minimum of educational guidance, at the same
time enjoying the great advantage of constantly contacting with such a
large number of all classes of men and women hailing from every part of
the civilized world. Had he remained at Alexandria, his education would
have been directed by Jews and along exclusively Jewish lines. At Nazareth
he secured an education and received a training which more acceptably
prepared him to understand the gentiles, and which gave him a better and
more balanced idea of the relative merits of the Eastern, or Babylonian,
and the Western, or Hellenic, views of Hebrew theology. |
Nazareth today
splendid < splendere (shine), 놀라운 |
1. JESUS’ NINTH YEAR (A.D. 3) – P.1366
P.1366 – §2 Though it could hardly be said that Jesus
was ever seriously ill, he did have some of the minor ailments of childhood
this year, along with his brothers and baby sister.
P.1366 – §3 School went on and he was still a favored
pupil, having one week each month at liberty, and he continued to divide
his time about equally between trips to neighboring cities with his father,
sojourns on his uncle’s farm south of Nazareth, and fishing excursions
out from Magdala.
|
ailment, 사소한 병
ail, 아프게 하다
excursion < ex (out) + currere (run), 소풍 |
P.1366 – §4 The most serious trouble as yet to come
up at school occurred in late winter when Jesus dared to challenge the
chazan regarding the teaching that all images, pictures, and drawings
were idolatrous in nature. Jesus delighted in drawing landscapes as well
as in modeling a great variety of objects in potter’s clay. Everything
of that sort was strictly forbidden by Jewish law, but up to this time
he had managed to disarm his parents’ objection to such an extent that
they had permitted him to continue in these activities.
|
disarm < F: dis (reverse) + armer (arm), 무장을 벗기다. |
P.1366 – §5 But trouble was again stirred up at school
when one of the more backward pupils discovered Jesus drawing a charcoal
picture of the teacher on the floor of the schoolroom. There it was, plain
as day, and many of the elders had viewed it before the committee went
to call on Joseph to demand that something be done to suppress the lawlessness
of his eldest son. And though this was not the first time complaints had
come to Joseph and Mary about the doings of their versatile and aggressive
child, this was the most serious of all the accusations which had thus
far been lodged against him. |
versatile < vertere (turn), 다능한, 다양한 일에 계속 돌아가는. |
Jesus listened to the indictment of his artistic
efforts for some time, being seated on a large stone just outside the
back door. He resented their blaming his father for his alleged misdeeds;
so in he marched, fearlessly confronting his accusers. The elders were
thrown into confusion. Some
P.1367 – §0 were inclined to view the episode humorously,
while one or two seemed to think the boy was sacrilegious if not blasphemous.
Joseph was nonplused, Mary indignant, but Jesus insisted on being heard.
He had his say, courageously defended his viewpoint, and with consummate
self-control announced that he would abide by the decision of his father
in this as in all other matters controversial. And the committee of elders
departed in silence.
|
episode < G: epi (in addition) + eisodos (entrance), 삽입하는 사건
nonplus < no more, no further, 할 말이 더 없다.
blaspheme < G: slander of sacred things. 신성 모독하다
consummate < consummare (sum up), 완성된, 완벽한
controversy < controversus (turned against)
announce < ad (to) + nuntiare (선언하다)
|
P.1367 – §1 Mary endeavored to influence Joseph to
permit Jesus to model in clay at home, provided he promised not to carry
on any of these questionable activities at school, but Joseph felt impelled
to rule that the rabbinical interpretation of the second commandment should
prevail. And so Jesus no more drew or modeled the likeness of anything
from that day as long as he lived in his father’s house. But he was unconvinced
of the wrong of what he had done, and to give up such a favorite pastime
constituted one of the great trials of his young life. |
endeavor = old E: en + devoir (duty)
impell < in + pellere (drive), 움직이다. 억지로 ~하게 만들다. |
P.1367 – §2 In the latter part of June, Jesus, in
company with his father, first climbed to the summit of Mount Tabor. It
was a clear day and the view was superb. It seemed to this nine-year-old
lad that he had really gazed upon the entire world excepting India, Africa,
and Rome. |
superb < superbus (magnificent) |
P.1367 – §3 Jesus’ second sister, Martha, was born
Thursday night, September 13. Three weeks after the coming of Martha,
Joseph, who was home for awhile, started the building of an addition to
their house, a combined workshop and bedroom. A small workbench was built
for Jesus, and for the first time he possessed tools of his own. At odd
times for many years he worked at this bench and became highly expert
in the making of yokes.
|
at odd times, 이따금 (정규적이 아니라)
yoke = 멍에 |
P.1367 – §4 This winter and the next were the coldest
in Nazareth for many decades. Jesus had seen snow on the mountains, and
several times it had fallen in Nazareth, remaining on the ground only
a short time; but not until this winter had he seen ice. The fact that
water could be had as a solid, a liquid, and a vapor–he had long pondered
over the escaping steam from the boiling pots–caused the lad to think
a great deal about the physical world and its constitution; and yet the
personality embodied in this growing youth was all this while the actual
creator and organizer of all these things throughout a far-flung universe.
|
solid < solidus (Roman gold coin)
far-flung (멀리 던져진, 멀리 퍼진) |
P.1367 – §5 The climate of Nazareth was not severe.
January was the coldest month, the temperature averaging around 50o F.
During July and August, the hottest months, the temperature would vary
from 75o to 90o F. From the mountains to the Jordan and the Dead Sea valley
the climate of Palestine ranged from the frigid to the torrid. And so,
in a way, the Jews were prepared to live in about any and all of the world’s
varying climates. |
torrid < torrere (scorch), (표면을) 태우다. 타는 듯한
frigid < frigere (cold), R = refrigerator |
P.1367 – §6 Even during the warmest summer months
a cool sea breeze usually blew from the west from 10:00 A.M. until about
10:00 P.M. But every now and then terrific hot winds from the eastern
desert would blow across all Palestine. These hot blasts usually came
in February and March, near the end of the rainy season. In those days
the rain fell in refreshing showers from November to April, but it did
not rain steadily. There were only two seasons in Palestine, summer and
winter, the dry and rainy seasons. In January the flowers began to bloom,
and by the end of April the whole land was one vast flower garden. |
every now and then, 이따금
terrific < terrere (frighten), 끔찍한 |
P.1367 – §7 In May of this year, on his uncle’s farm,
Jesus for the first time helped with the harvest of the grain. Before
he was thirteen, he had managed to find out something about practically
everything that men and women worked at around Nazareth
P.1368 – §0 except metal working, and he spent several
months in a smith’s shop when older, after the death of his father. |
harvest < carpere (pluck), G: karpos (fruit)
|
P.1368 – §1 When work and caravan travel were slack,
Jesus made many trips with his father on pleasure or business to nearby
Cana, Endor, and Nain. Even as a lad he frequently visited Sepphoris,
only a little over three miles from Nazareth to the northwest, and from
4 B.C. to about A.D. 25 the capital of Galilee and one of the residences
of Herod Antipas. |
slack, 느슨한
cut somebody some slack, 느슨하게 형편을 보아주다. |
P.1368 – §2 Jesus continued to grow physically, intellectually,
socially, and spiritually. His trips away from home did much to give him
a better and more generous understanding of his own family, and by this
time even his parents were beginning to learn from him as well as to teach
him. Jesus was an original thinker and a skillful teacher, even in his
youth. He was in constant collision with the so-called "oral law,"
but he always sought to adapt himself to the practices of his family.
He got along fairly well with the children of his age, but he often grew
discouraged with their slow-acting minds. Before he was ten years old,
he had become the leader of a group of seven lads who formed themselves
into a society for promoting the acquirements of manhood–physical, intellectual,
and religious. Among these boys Jesus succeeded in introducing many new
games and various improved methods of physical recreation.
|
Sepphoris(Zippori) today
collide < col-laedere (strike), 충돌하다 |
2. THE TENTH YEAR (A.D. 4) – P.1368
P.1368 – §3 It was the fifth of July, the first Sabbath
of the month, when Jesus, while strolling through the countryside with
his father, first gave expression to feelings and ideas which indicated
that he was becoming self-conscious of the unusual nature of his life
mission. Joseph listened attentively to the momentous words of his son
but made few comments; he volunteered no information. The next day Jesus
had a similar but longer talk with his mother. Mary likewise listened
to the pronouncements of the lad, but neither did she volunteer any information.
It was almost two years before Jesus again spoke to his parents concerning
this increasing revelation within his own consciousness regarding the
nature of his personality and the character of his mission on earth. |
character < G: kharakter (stamping tool), 특징 |
P.1368 – §4 He entered the advanced school of the
synagogue in August. At school he was constantly creating trouble by the
questions he persisted in asking. Increasingly he kept all Nazareth in
more or less of a hubbub. His parents were loath to forbid his asking
these disquieting questions, and his chief teacher was greatly intrigued
by the lad’s curiosity, insight, and hunger for knowledge.
|
increasingly, 더욱 더
hubbub < Irish, 시끄러운 상황 |
P.1368 – §5 Jesus’ playmates saw nothing supernatural
in his conduct; in most ways he was altogether like themselves. His interest
in study was somewhat above the average but not wholly unusual. He did
ask more questions at school than others in his class. |
|
P.1368 – §6 Perhaps his most unusual and outstanding
trait was his unwillingness to fight for his rights. Since he was such
a well-developed lad for his age, it seemed strange to his playfellows
that he was disinclined to defend himself even from injustice or when
subjected to personal abuse. As it happened, he did not suffer much on
account of this trait because of the friendship of Jacob, a neighbor boy,
who was one year older. He was the son of the stone mason, a business
associate of Joseph. Jacob was a great admirer of Jesus and made it his
business to see that no one was permitted to impose upon Jesus because
of his aversion
P.1369 – §0 to physical combat. Several times older
and uncouth youths attacked Jesus, relying upon his reputed docility,
but they always suffered swift and certain retribution at the hands of
his self-appointed champion and ever-ready defender, Jacob the stone mason’s
son.
|
make something one’s business, ~을 자기 일거리로 삼다.
injustice, 불의
averse < ab (away) + vertere (turn), turned away, 싫어하는
combat < com + battuere (fight), 전투
uncouth <E: un + kunnan (know), 교양없는, 촌스러운 |
P.1369 – §1 Jesus was the generally accepted leader
of the Nazareth lads who stood for the higher ideals of their day and
generation. He was really loved by his youthful associates, not only because
he was fair, but also because he possessed a rare and understanding sympathy
that betokened love and bordered on discreet compassion. |
their day and generation (그 시절의 세대)
betoken = be a sign, 징표가 되다, 가리키다
border on ~에 가까이 가다. 근접하다 |
P.1369 – §2 This year he began to show a marked preference
for the company of older persons. He delighted in talking over things
cultural, educational, social, economic, political, and religious with
older minds, and his depth of reasoning and keenness of observation so
charmed his adult associates that they were always more than willing to
visit with him. Until he became responsible for the support of the home,
his parents were constantly seeking to influence him to associate with
those of his own age, or more nearly his age, rather than with older and
better-informed individuals for whom he evinced such a preference.
|
privilege < privus (private) + leg (law), 특권 |
P.1369 – §3 Late this year he had a fishing experience
of two months with his uncle on the Sea of Galilee, and he was very successful.
Before attaining manhood, he had become an expert fisherman.
|
|
P.1369 – §4 His physical development continued; he
was an advanced and privileged pupil at school; he got along fairly well
at home with his younger brothers and sisters, having the advantage of
being three and one-half years older than the oldest of the other children.
He was well thought of in Nazareth except by the parents of some of the
duller children, who often spoke of Jesus as being too pert, as lacking
in proper humility and youthful reserve. He manifested a growing tendency
to direct the play activities of his youthful associates into more serious
and thoughtful channels. He was a born teacher and simply could not refrain
from so functioning, even when supposedly engaged in play.
|
well thought of, 좋게 여김을 받다
refrain < re + frenum (bridle), 삼가다
pert, (smart, 약삭빠른), 용모가 말쑥한
< apetire (열린), aperture (렌지의 열린 구멍), manifest, 명백한, 까진, expert, 숙련자 |
P.1369 – §5 Joseph early began to instruct Jesus
in the diverse means of gaining a livelihood, explaining the advantages
of agriculture over industry and trade. Galilee was a more beautiful and
prosperous district than Judea, and it cost only about one fourth as much
to live there as in Jerusalem and Judea. It was a province of agricultural
villages and thriving industrial cities, containing more than two hundred
towns of over five thousand population and thirty of over fifteen thousand. |
livelihood, 생계, 살림
advantage of A over B, ~와 비교하여 ~의 장점
prosper < pro (for) + spere (hope), 희망대로 되다 (번성하다)
|
P.1369 – §6 When on his first trip with his father
to observe the fishing industry on the lake of Galilee, Jesus had just
about made up his mind to become a fisherman; but close association with
his father’s vocation later on influenced him to become a carpenter, while
still later a combination of influences led him to the final choice of
becoming a religious teacher of a new order.
|
make up one’s mind, 결심하다
vocation < vocare (call)
|
3. THE ELEVENTH YEAR (A.D. 5) – P.1369
P.1369 – §7 Throughout this year the lad continued
to make trips away from home with his father, but he also frequently visited
his uncle’s farm and occasionally went over to Magdala to engage in fishing
with the uncle who made his headquarters near that city. |
#occasionally, 이따금 |
P.1369 – §8 Joseph and Mary were often tempted to
show some special favoritism for Jesus or otherwise to betray their knowledge
that he was a child of promise, a
P.1370 – §0 son of destiny. But both of his parents
were extraordinarily wise and sagacious in all these matters. The few
times they did in any manner exhibit any preference for him, even in the
slightest degree, the lad was quick to refuse all such special consideration.
|
favoritism (편애)
sagacious < sagacem (명석)
|
P.1370 – §1 Jesus spent considerable time at the
caravan supply shop, and by conversing with the travelers from all parts
of the world, he acquired a store of information about international affairs
that was amazing, considering his age. This was the last year in which
he enjoyed much free play and youthful joyousness. From this time on difficulties
and responsibilities rapidly multiplied in the life of this youth. |
from this time on (이때부터 계속) |
P.1370 – §2 On Wednesday evening, June 24, A.D. 5,
Jude was born. Complications attended the birth of this, the seventh child.
Mary was so very ill for several weeks that Joseph remained at home. Jesus
was very much occupied with errands for his father and with many duties
occasioned by his mother’s serious illness. Never again did this youth
find it possible to return to the childlike attitude of his earlier years.
From the time of his mother’s illness–just before he was eleven years
old–he was compelled to assume the responsibilities of the first-born
son and to do all this one or two full years before these burdens should
normally have fallen on his shoulders.
|
attend < ad (toward) + tendere (stretch), 뒤따르다 |
P.1370 – §3 The chazan spent one evening each week
with Jesus, helping him to master the Hebrew scriptures. He was greatly
interested in the progress of his promising pupil; therefore was he willing
to assist him in many ways. This Jewish pedagogue exerted a great influence
upon this growing mind, but he was never able to comprehend why Jesus
was so indifferent to all his suggestions regarding the prospects of going
to Jerusalem to continue his education under the learned rabbis. |
pedagogue (G) = ped (child) +agogos (leader), 선생
indifferent 무관심한
|
P.1370 – §4 About the middle of May the lad accompanied
his father on a business trip to Scythopolis, the chief Greek city of
the Decapolis, the ancient Hebrew city of Beth-shean. On the way Joseph
recounted much of the olden history of King Saul, the Philistines, and
the subsequent events of Israel’s turbulent history. Jesus was tremendously
impressed with the clean appearance and well-ordered arrangement of this
so-called heathen city. He marveled at the open-air theater and admired
the beautiful marble temple dedicated to the worship of the "heathen"
gods. Joseph was much perturbed by the lad’s enthusiasm and sought to
counteract these favorable impressions by extolling the beauty and grandeur
of the Jewish temple at Jerusalem. Jesus had often gazed curiously upon
this magnificent Greek city from the hill of Nazareth and had many times
inquired about its extensive public works and ornate buildings, but his
father had always sought to avoid answering these questions. Now they
were face to face with the beauties of this gentile city, and Joseph could
not gracefully ignore Jesus’ inquiries. |
recount, 사건의 내력을 설명하다
turbulent < turba (crowd), 소동이 많은
perturb < per(through) + turba (crowd), 흔들다
counteract, 상쇄하다, 반대로 작용하다
ornate < ordo (줄, 정렬), 화려한
ignore < ignorare = ig + gno (know), 무시하다 |
P.1370 – §5 It so happened that just at this time
the annual competitive games and public demonstrations of physical prowess
between the Greek cities of the Decapolis were in progress at the Scythopolis
amphitheater, and Jesus was insistent that his father take him to see
the games, and he was so insistent that Joseph hesitated to deny him.
The boy was thrilled with the games and entered most heartily into the
spirit of the demonstrations of physical development and athletic skill.
Joseph was inexpressibly shocked to observe his son’s enthusiasm as he
beheld these exhibitions of "heathen" vaingloriousness. After
the games were finished,
P.1371 – §0 Joseph received the surprise of his life
when he heard Jesus express his approval of them and suggest that it would
be good for the young men of Nazareth if they could be thus benefited
by wholesome outdoor physical activities. Joseph talked earnestly and
long with Jesus concerning the evil nature of such practices, but he well
knew that the lad was unconvinced.
|
It so happened (우연히 사건이 터지다)
prowess, 솜씨, 용감성
wholesome, 건전한 |
P.1371 – §1 The only time Jesus ever saw his father
angry with him was that night in their room at the inn when, in the course
of their discussions, the boy so far forgot the trends of Jewish thought
as to suggest that they go back home and work for the building of an amphitheater
at Nazareth. When Joseph heard his first-born son express such un-Jewish
sentiments, he forgot his usual calm demeanor and, seizing Jesus by the
shoulder, angrily exclaimed, "My son, never again let me hear you
give utterance to such an evil thought as long as you live." Jesus
was startled by his father’s display of emotion; he had never before been
made to feel the personal sting of his father’s indignation and was astonished
and shocked beyond expression. He only replied, "Very well, my father,
it shall be so." And never again did the boy even in the slightest
manner allude to the games and other athletic activities of the Greeks
as long as his father lived.
|
demeanor, 행동, 태도
exclaim < ex (out) + clamare (shout) 외치다
indignant < in + dignus (worth), 분개하는
allude < ad (to) + ludere (play), 농담으로 빗대어 말하다
|
P.1371 – §2 Later on, Jesus saw the Greek amphitheater
at Jerusalem and learned how hateful such things were from the Jewish
point of view. Nevertheless, throughout his life he endeavored to introduce
the idea of wholesome recreation into his personal plans and, as far as
Jewish practice would permit, into the later program of regular activities
for his twelve apostles.
P.1371 – §3 At the end of this eleventh year Jesus
was a vigorous, well-developed, moderately humorous, and fairly lighthearted
youth, but from this year on he was more and more given to peculiar seasons
of profound meditation and serious contemplation. He was much given to
thinking about how he was to carry out his obligations to his family and
at the same time be obedient to the call of his mission to the world;
already he had conceived that his ministry was not to be limited to the
betterment of the Jewish people. |
endeavor < in + duty (의무로 여기다, 노력하다)
lighthearted, 명랑한, 속 편한
peculiar < pecu (cattle, 가축, 재산),
< peculium, 개인 재산 –> 특이한
be given to (doing) something, ~하는 성향이 있다. 습성이 있다
obligation, 채무
obedient, 복종하는
< obey < ob (toward, before) + audire (listen)
|
4. THE TWELFTH YEAR (A.D. 6) – P.1371
P.1371 – §4 This was an eventful year in Jesus’ life.
He continued to make progress at school and was indefatigable in his study
of nature, while increasingly he prosecuted his study of the methods whereby
men make a living. He began doing regular work in the home carpenter shop
and was permitted to manage his own earnings, a very unusual arrangement
to obtain in a Jewish family. This year he also learned the wisdom of
keeping such matters a secret in the family. He was becoming conscious
of the way in which he had caused trouble in the village, and henceforth
he became increasingly discreet in concealing everything which might cause
him to be regarded as different from his fellows.
|
indefatigable = tireless, 지칠 줄 모르는
< de (away, completely) + fatigare (wear out)
discreet, 신중한
render < reddere <re + dare (give back, return) |
P.1371 – §5 Throughout this year he experienced many
seasons of uncertainty, if not actual doubt, regarding the nature of his
mission. His naturally developing human mind did not yet fully grasp the
reality of his dual nature. The fact that he had a single personality
rendered it difficult for his consciousness to recognize the double origin
of those factors which composed the nature associated with that selfsame
personality.
|
factor (요인, 요소)
dual (2중) < duo (2)
selfsame, 똑같은 |
P.1371 – §6 From this time on he became more successful
in getting along with his brothers and sisters. He was increasingly tactful,
always compassionate and considerate of their welfare and happiness, and
enjoyed good relations with them
P.1372 – §0 up to the beginning of his public ministry.
To be more explicit: He got along with James, Miriam, and the two younger
(as yet unborn) children, Amos and Ruth, most excellently. He always got
along with Martha fairly well. What trouble he had at home largely arose
out of friction with Joseph and Jude, particularly the latter. |
tact < tangere (touch), 분별 감각,
tactful, 요령이 있는 |
P.1372 – §1 It was a trying experience for Joseph
and Mary to undertake the rearing of this unprecedented combination of
divinity and humanity, and they deserve great credit for so faithfully
and successfully discharging their parental responsibilities. Increasingly
Jesus’ parents realized that there was something superhuman resident within
this eldest son, but they never even faintly dreamed that this son of
promise was indeed and in truth the actual creator of this local universe
of things and beings. Joseph and Mary lived and died without ever learning
that their son Jesus really was the Universe Creator incarnate in mortal
flesh.
|
deserve ~을 받아 마땅하다
credit, 공, 명예
discharge duty, 직무를 수행하다
incarnate < in (into) carne (flesh), 육신화한 |
P.1372 – §2 This year Jesus paid more attention than
ever to music, and he continued to teach the home school for his brothers
and sisters. It was at about this time that the lad became keenly conscious
of the difference between the viewpoints of Joseph and Mary regarding
the nature of his mission. He pondered much over his parents’ differing
opinions, often hearing their discussions when they thought he was sound
asleep. More and more he inclined to the view of his father, so that his
mother was destined to be hurt by the realization that her son was gradually
rejecting her guidance in matters having to do with his life career. And,
as the years passed, this breach of understanding widened. Less and less
did Mary comprehend the significance of Jesus’ mission, and increasingly
was this good mother hurt by the failure of her favorite son to fulfill
her fond expectations.
|
keenly conscious, 날카롭게 의식
sound asleep, 깊이 잠들어, 충분히
reject < re (back) + jacere (throw), 거부
have to do, 상관이 있다 |
P.1372 – §3 Joseph entertained a growing belief in
the spiritual nature of Jesus’ mission. And but for other and more important
reasons it does seem unfortunate that he could not have lived to see the
fulfillment of his concept of Jesus’ bestowal on earth.
|
belive in, 을 믿다
believe him, 그의 말을 믿다 |
P.1372 – §4 During his last year at school, when
he was twelve years old, Jesus remonstrated with his father about the
Jewish custom of touching the bit of parchment nailed upon the doorpost
each time on going into, or coming out of, the house and then kissing
the finger that touched the parchment. As a part of this ritual it was
customary to say, "The Lord shall preserve our going out and our
coming in, from this time forth and even forevermore." Joseph and
Mary had repeatedly instructed Jesus as to the reasons for not making
images or drawing pictures, explaining that such creations might be used
for idolatrous purposes. Though Jesus failed fully to grasp their proscriptions
against images and pictures, he possessed a high concept of consistency
and therefore pointed out to his father the essentially idolatrous nature
of this habitual obeisance to the doorpost parchment. And Joseph removed
the parchment after Jesus had thus remonstrated with him. |
remonstrate < re + monstrate (show), 불평하다
parchment, 양피지, writing material from Pergamon
idolatry < G: eidolon (idol) + latreia (worship) 우상 숭배
consistency, 일관성
proscribe < pro (front) + scribe, 금지하다
obeisance, 존경 < obey |
P.1372 – §5 As time passed, Jesus did much to modify
their practice of religious forms, such as the family prayers and other
customs. And it was possible to do many such things at Nazareth, for its
synagogue was under the influence of a liberal school of rabbis, exemplified
by the renowned Nazareth teacher, Jose.
|
modify < modus, modificare, 모형, 방법을 바꾸다 |
P.1372 – §6 Throughout this and the two following
years Jesus suffered great mental distress as the result of his constant
effort to adjust his personal views of religious practices and social
amenities to the established beliefs of his parents. He was distraught
by the conflict between the urge to be loyal to his own convictions
P.1373 – §0 and the conscientious admonition of dutiful
submission to his parents; his supreme conflict was between two great
commands which were uppermost in his youthful mind. The one was: "Be
loyal to the dictates of your highest convictions of truth and righteousness."
The other was: "Honor your father and mother, for they have given
you life and the nurture thereof." However, he never shirked the
responsibility of making the necessary daily adjustments between these
realms of loyalty to one’s personal convictions and duty toward one’s
family, and he achieved the satisfaction of effecting an increasingly
harmonious blending of personal convictions and family obligations into
a masterful concept of group solidarity based upon loyalty, fairness,
tolerance, and love. |
amenity, 편의 시설
distraught, 당황한
shirk, 책임을 회피하다 |
5. HIS THIRTEENTH YEAR (A.D. 7) – P.1373
P.1373 – §1 In this year the lad of Nazareth passed
from boyhood to the beginning of young manhood; his voice began to change,
and other features of mind and body gave evidence of the oncoming status
of manhood. |
oncoming, 다가 오는 |
P.1373 – §2 On Sunday night, January 9, A.D. 7, his
baby brother, Amos, was born. Jude was not yet two years of age, and the
baby sister, Ruth, was yet to come; so it may be seen that Jesus had a
sizable family of small children left to his watchcare when his father
met his accidental death the following year.
|
watchcare, 감독 |
P.1373 – §3 It was about the middle of February that
Jesus became humanly assured that he was destined to perform a mission
on earth for the enlightenment of man and the revelation of God. Momentous
decisions, coupled with far-reaching plans, were formulating in the mind
of this youth, who was, to outward appearances, an average Jewish lad
of Nazareth. The intelligent life of all Nebadon looked on with fascination
and amazement as all this began to unfold in the thinking and acting of
the now adolescent carpenter’s son. |
momentous, 중대한
look on = watch without getting involved |
P.1373 – §4 On the first day of the week, March 20,
A.D. 7, Jesus graduated from the course of training in the local school
connected with the Nazareth synagogue. This was a great day in the life
of any ambitious Jewish family, the day when the first-born son was pronounced
a "son of the commandment" and the ransomed first-born of the
Lord God of Israel, a "child of the Most High" and servant of
the Lord of all the earth.
|
ransom, 몸값을 지불하다 |
P.1373 – §5 Friday of the week before, Joseph had
come over from Sepphoris, where he was in charge of the work on a new
public building, to be present on this glad occasion. Jesus’ teacher confidently
believed that his alert and diligent pupil was destined to some outstanding
career, some distinguished mission. The elders, notwithstanding all their
trouble with Jesus’ nonconformist tendencies, were very proud of the lad
and had already begun laying plans which would enable him to go to Jerusalem
to continue his education in the renowned Hebrew academies.
|
renowned, 이름 있는 |
P.1373 – §6 As Jesus heard these plans discussed from time to time,
he became increasingly sure that he would never go to Jerusalem to study
with the rabbis. But he little dreamed of the tragedy, so soon to occur,
which would insure the abandonment of all such plans by causing him to
assume the responsibility for the support and direction of a large family,
presently to consist of five brothers and three sisters as well as his
mother and himself. Jesus had a larger and longer experience rearing this
family than was accorded to Joseph, his father; and he did measure up
to the standard which he subsequently set for himself: to become a wise,
P.1374 – §0 patient, understanding, and effective
teacher and eldest brother to this family–his family–so suddenly sorrow-stricken
and so unexpectedly bereaved. |
from time to time, 때때로
measure up to the standard, 표준, 기대에 부응하다.
bereave, 빼앗다, (수동태) 부모를 여의다.
|
6. THE JOURNEY TO JERUSALEM – P.1374
P.1374 – §1 Jesus, having now reached the threshold
of young manhood and having been formally graduated from the synagogue
schools, was qualified to proceed to Jerusalem with his parents to participate
with them in the celebration of his first Passover. The Passover feast
of this year fell on Saturday, April 9, A.D. 7. A considerable company
(103) made ready to depart from Nazareth early Monday morning, April 4,
for Jerusalem. They journeyed south toward Samaria, but on reaching Jezreel,
they turned east, going around Mount Gilboa into the Jordan valley in
order to avoid passing through Samaria. Joseph and his family would have
enjoyed going down through Samaria by way of Jacob’s well and Bethel,
but since the Jews disliked to deal with the Samaritans, they decided
to go with their neighbors by way of the Jordan valley.
|
threshold, 입구, 기준점
graduate from, 학교를 졸업하다
|
P.1374 – §2 The much-dreaded Archelaus had been deposed,
and they had little to fear in taking Jesus to Jerusalem. Twelve years
had passed since the first Herod had sought to destroy the babe of Bethlehem,
and no one would now think of associating that affair with this obscure
lad of Nazareth.
|
depose < de (down) + poser (place), 폐위시키다.
obscure < obscrus (dark), 분명치 않은 |
P.1374 – §3 Before reaching the Jezreel junction,
and as they journeyed on, very soon, on the left, they passed the ancient
village of Shunem, and Jesus heard again about the most beautiful maiden
of all Israel who once lived there and also about the wonderful works
Elisha performed there. In passing by Jezreel, Jesus’ parents recounted
the doings of Ahab and Jezebel and the exploits of Jehu. In passing around
Mount Gilboa, they talked much about Saul, who took his life on the slopes
of this mountain, King David, and the associations of this historic spot.
|
ancient, < anteanus고대의
recount, 열거하다
exploit, 공적 |
P.1374 – §4 As they rounded the base of Gilboa, the
pilgrims could see the Greek city of Scythopolis on the right. They gazed
upon the marble structures from a distance but went not near the gentile
city lest they so defile themselves that they could not participate in
the forthcoming solemn and sacred ceremonies of the Passover at Jerusalem.
Mary could not understand why neither Joseph nor Jesus would speak of
Scythopolis. She did not know about their controversy of the previous
year as they had never revealed this episode to her.
|
defile < de (down) + fullo (cleaning person), 더럽히다
fulling, 양털을 오줌에 적셔 밟거나 두드려 세탁하는 일, 로마 시대에 노예들이 세탁을 담당
controversy < contra (against) + vertere (turn), dispute, 논쟁 |
P.1374 – §5 The road now led immediately down into
the tropical Jordan valley, and soon Jesus was to have exposed to his
wondering gaze the crooked and ever-winding Jordan with its glistening
and rippling waters as it flowed down toward the Dead Sea. They laid aside
their outer garments as they journeyed south in this tropical valley,
enjoying the luxurious fields of grain and the beautiful oleanders laden
with their pink blossoms, while massive snow-capped Mount Hermon stood
far to the north, in majesty looking down on the historic valley. A little
over three hours’ travel from opposite Scythopolis they came upon a bubbling
spring, and here they camped for the night, out under the starlit heavens. |
garment < garnir (equip), (갖춰 입는) 옷
bubble, 거품 |
P.1374 – §6 On their second day’s journey they passed
by where the Jabbok, from the east, flows into the Jordan, and looking
east up this river valley, they recounted the days of Gideon, when the
Midianites poured into this region to overrun the land. Toward the end
of the second day’s journey they camped near the base of the highest mountain
overlooking the Jordan valley, Mount Sartaba, whose
P.1375 – §0 summit was occupied by the Alexandrian
fortress where Herod had imprisoned one of his wives and buried his two
strangled sons.
|
strangle, 목을 조르다 |
P.1375 – §1 The third day they passed by two villages
which had been recently built by Herod and noted their superior architecture
and their beautiful palm gardens. By nightfall they reached Jericho, where
they remained until the morrow. That evening Joseph, Mary, and Jesus walked
a mile and a half to the site of the ancient Jericho, where Joshua, for
whom Jesus was named, had performed his renowned exploits, according to
Jewish tradition. |
|
P.1375 – §2 By the fourth and last day’s journey
the road was a continuous procession of pilgrims. They now began to climb
the hills leading up to Jerusalem. As they neared the top, they could
look across the Jordan to the mountains beyond and south over the sluggish
waters of the Dead Sea. About halfway up to Jerusalem, Jesus gained his
first view of the Mount of Olives (the region to be so much a part of
his subsequent life), and Joseph pointed out to him that the Holy City
lay just beyond this ridge, and the lad’s heart beat fast with joyous
anticipation of soon beholding the city and house of his heavenly Father.
|
beat fast, 두근거리다 |
P.1375 – §3 On the eastern slopes of Olivet they
paused for rest in the borders of a little village called Bethany. The
hospitable villagers poured forth to minister to the pilgrims, and it
happened that Joseph and his family had stopped near the house of one
Simon, who had three children about the same age as Jesus–Mary, Martha,
and Lazarus. They invited the Nazareth family in for refreshment, and
a lifelong friendship sprang up between the two families. Many times afterward,
in his eventful life, Jesus stopped in this home.
|
minister to, ~에게 봉사하다. 시중 들다. |
P.1375 – §4 They pressed on, soon standing on the
brink of Olivet, and Jesus saw for the first time (in his memory) the
Holy City, the pretentious palaces, and the inspiring temple of his Father.
At no time in his life did Jesus ever experience such a purely human thrill
as that which at this time so completely enthralled him as he stood there
on this April afternoon on the Mount of Olives, drinking in his first
view of Jerusalem. And in after years, on this same spot he stood and
wept over the city which was about to reject another prophet, the last
and the greatest of her heavenly teachers.
|
press on, 길을 재촉하다, 강행하다.
pretend < pre (before) + tendere (stretch), 가장하다.
pretentious, 허세 부리는
enthrall < in + thrall (servant), 황홀하게 만들다. |
P.1375 – §5 But they hurried on to Jerusalem. It
was now Thursday afternoon. On reaching the city, they journeyed past
the temple, and never had Jesus beheld such throngs of human beings. He
meditated deeply on how these Jews had assembled here from the uttermost
parts of the known world.
|
throng, 군중
meditate, 숙고하다. 에 대하여 명상에 잠기다. |
P.1375 – §6 Soon they reached the place prearranged
for their accommodation during the Passover week, the large home of a
well-to-do relative of Mary’s, one who knew something of the early history
of both John and Jesus, through Zacharias. The following day, the day
of preparation, they made ready for the appropriate celebration of the
Passover Sabbath.
|
accommodate < ad (to) + commodare (make fit), 편의(숙박 따위)를 보아주다.
well-to-do, , 살림이 넉넉한 |
P.1375 – §7 While all Jerusalem was astir in preparation
for the Passover, Joseph found time to take his son around to visit the
academy where it had been arranged for him to resume his education two
years later, as soon as he reached the required age of fifteen. Joseph
was truly puzzled when he observed how little interest Jesus evinced in
all these carefully laid plans.
|
astir = stirred up, 뒤흔들다 |
P.1375 – §8 Jesus was profoundly impressed by the
temple and all the associated services and other activities. For the first
time since he was four years old, he was too much preoccupied with his
own meditations to ask many questions. He did, however, ask his father
several embarrassing questions (as he had on previous occasions) as to
why the heavenly Father required the slaughter of so many
P.1376 – §0 innocent and helpless animals. And his
father well knew from the expression on the lad’s face that his answers
and attempts at explanation were unsatisfactory to his deep-thinking and
keen-reasoning son. |
services, 예배 의식, 제사
preoccupy, 몰두하다, 정신 팔리다
innocent < in (not) + nocere (harm), 죄없는
|
P.1376 – §1 On the day before the Passover Sabbath,
flood tides of spiritual illumination swept through the mortal mind of
Jesus and filled his human heart to overflowing with affectionate pity
for the spiritually blind and morally ignorant multitudes assembled for
the celebration of the ancient Passover commemoration. This was one of
the most extraordinary days that the Son of God spent in the flesh; and
during the night, for the first time in his earth career, there appeared
to him an assigned messenger from Salvington, commissioned by Immanuel,
who said: "The hour has come. It is time that you began to be about
your Father’s business."
|
commission < con + mittere (send), 임명하다
|
P.1376 – §2 And so, even ere the heavy responsibilities
of the Nazareth family descended upon his youthful shoulders, there now
arrived the celestial messenger to remind this lad, not quite thirteen
years of age, that the hour had come to begin the resumption of the responsibilities
of a universe. This was the first act of a long succession of events which
finally culminated in the completion of the Son’s bestowal on Urantia
and the replacing of "the government of a universe on his human-divine
shoulders."
|
ere = before
celestial < caelum (heaven)
resume < re + sumere (take from under), 다시 시작하다
culminate < culminare (to top, crown), 결국 ~이 되다
|
P.1376 – §3 As time passed, the mystery of the incarnation
became, to all of us, more and more unfathomable. We could hardly comprehend
that this lad of Nazareth was the creator of all Nebadon. Neither do we
nowadays understand how the spirit of this same Creator Son and the spirit
of his Paradise Father are associated with the souls of mankind. With
the passing of time, we could see that his human mind was increasingly
discerning that, while he lived his life in the flesh, in spirit on his
shoulders rested the responsibility of a universe. |
fathom (벌린 팔로 잴 수 있는 거리), 측량하다
discern < dis + cernere (separate), 헤아리다. |
P.1376 – §4 Thus ends the career of the Nazareth
lad, and begins the narrative of that adolescent youth–the increasingly
self-conscious divine human–who now begins the contemplation of his world
career as he strives to integrate his expanding life purpose with the
desires of his parents and his obligations to his family and the society
of his day and age. |
adolescent, 사춘기의 |
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