Paper 122 (영한)

as to ~ 에 관하여,

just, 도대체

P.1344 – §2 After a study of the special report on the status of segregated worlds prepared by the Melchizedeks, in counsel with Gabriel, Michael finally chose Urantia as the planet whereon to enact his final bestowal. Subsequent to this decision Gabriel made a personal visit to Urantia, and, as a result of his study of human groups and his survey of the spiritual, intellectual, racial, and geographic features of the world and its peoples, he decided that the Hebrews possessed those relative advantages which warranted their selection as the bestowal race.

Upon Michael’s approval of this decision, Gabriel appointed and dispatched to Urantia the Family Commission of Twelve–selected from among the higher orders of universe personalities–which was intrusted with the task of making an investigation of Jewish family life. When this commission ended its labors, Gabriel was present on Urantia and received the report nominating three prospective unions as being, in the opinion of the commission, equally favorable as bestowal families for Michael’s projected incarnation.

segregate < se (apart) +greg (flock) = (집단을) 분리하다

enact < en + actare = 실행하다

dispatch < dis (not, away) + pacciare (Italian: expedite) = 파송하다

Commission of Twelve = 12자로 구성된 위원회

investigate < in (into) + vestigare (trace out) = 추적하다, 조사하다

nominate < nomen (a name) < nominare = 지명하다

favorable < favere (show kindness) = 유리한

project < pro (forth) + jacere (throw) = 예측하다

tidings = G: Zeitung, announcement of events, news = 소식

impart the glad tidings = 좋은 소식을 나누어 주다

1. JOSEPH AND MARY – P.1344

P.1344 – §4 Joseph, the human father of Jesus (Joshua ben Joseph), was a Hebrew of the Hebrews, albeit he carried many non-Jewish racial strains which had been added to his ancestral tree from time to time by the female lines of his progenitors. The ancestry of the father of Jesus went back to the days of Abraham and through this venerable patriarch to the earlier lines of inheritance leading to the Sumerians and Nodites and, through the southern tribes of the ancient blue man, to Andon and Fonta. David and Solomon were not in the direct line of Joseph’s ancestry, neither did Joseph’s lineage go directly back to Adam.

Joseph’s immediate ancestors were mechanics–builders, carpenters, masons, and smiths. Joseph himself was a carpenter and later a contractor. His family belonged to a long and illustrious line of the nobility of the common people, accentuated ever and anon by the appearance of unusual individuals who had distinguished themselves in connection with the evolution of religion on Urantia.

strain = 혈통, 핏줄

ancestor < ante (before) + cedere (go) = 先祖

from time to time = 때때로

progenitor < pro (forth) + gignere (produce, beget) = 선조

gene < G: genos, 종족, 혈통,

patriarch < G: pater (father) +arkein (rule)

venerate < venerari < venerat < revered (존경하다)

t = -ed (과거형, 우리말도 ~ㅆ다와 같다)

lineage < line (혈통)

accentuate < accentuare (강조하다)

distinguish < dis (apart) + stinguere (put out, prick (뚫다), 탁월성을 보이다

ever and anon (당장에) = 늘 (문어체)

evolve = e or ex (out) + volvere (돌다, 회전) = 진화하다

P.1345 – §1 Mary, the earth mother of Jesus, was a descendant of a long line of unique ancestors embracing many of the most remarkable women in the racial history of Urantia. Although Mary was an average woman of her day and generation, possessing a fairly normal temperament, she reckoned among her ancestors such well-known women as Annon, Tamar, Ruth, Bathsheba, Ansie, Cloa, Eve, Enta, and Ratta. No Jewish woman of that day had a more illustrious lineage of common progenitors or one extending back to more auspicious beginnings.

Mary’s ancestry, like Joseph’s, was characterized by the predominance of strong but average individuals, relieved now and then by numerous outstanding personalities in the march of civilization and the progressive evolution of religion. Racially considered, it is hardly proper to regard Mary as a Jewess. In culture and belief she was a Jew, but in hereditary endowment she was more a composite of Syrian, Hittite, Phoenician, Greek, and Egyptian stocks, her racial inheritance being more general than that of Joseph.

descendant (후손) < descend (내려가다)

embrace = in + bracchium (arm), 품에 안다

possess (소유하다, 귀신 들리다) < possidere (hold)

reckon < German, rechnen (count), 계산하다, 셈에 넣다.

endow (부여하다) < provide a dowry (지참금을 마련하다)

endowment = 부여받은 재산

composite < componere = com (together) + ponere (place), 함께 구성하다

ancestor < ante (before) +cedere (go), 선조

temperament = temper < temperare (mingle), 기질, 평정, 침착

auspicious, auspice (상서로운, 길조)

relieve < re +levare (raise), 가볍게 만들다

combination = 조합 <combine

average man = 평균 인간,

common people 보통 사람들

2. GABRIEL APPEARS TO ELIZABETH – P.1345

P.1345 – §3 Jesus’ lifework on Urantia was really begun by John the Baptist. Zacharias, John’s father, belonged to the Jewish priesthood, while his mother, Elizabeth, was a member of the more prosperous branch of the same large family group to which Mary the mother of Jesus also belonged. Zacharias and Elizabeth, though they had been married many years, were childless.

belong to ~에 속하다

branch = 가지

priest < presbyter (elder), 사제

noontide = noon

one day = 어느 날 (과거)

someday (미래에 어느날)

P.1345 – §5 "While your husband, Zacharias, stands before the altar in Jerusalem, and while the assembled people pray for the coming of a deliverer, I, Gabriel, have come to announce that you will shortly bear a son who shall be the forerunner of this divine teacher, and you shall call your son John. He will grow up dedicated to the Lord your God, and when he has come to full years, he will gladden your heart because he will turn many souls to God, and he will also proclaim the coming of the soul-healer of your people and the spirit-liberator of all mankind. Your kinswoman Mary shall be the mother of this child of promise, and I will also appear to her."

altar < altarium < altus (high), (높이 쌓은) 제단

gladden < glad (기쁘게 하다)

liberate < liber (free), 해방하다

vision < videre (보다)

proclaim < pro (forth) + clamare (shout), 앞에 나서서 외치다, 선포하다

P.1345 – §6 This vision greatly frightened Elizabeth. After Gabriel’s departure she turned this experience over in her mind, long pondering the sayings of the majestic visitor, but did not speak of the revelation to anyone save her husband until her subsequent visit with Mary in early February of the following year.

frighten = fright (공포) + en (하게 만들다) = 놀라게 하다

ponder (깊이 숙고하다) < ponderare (weigh) = 무게를 평가하다

< pendere (hang), pending (저울 따위에 올려 놓기)

majestic < maior < magnus (great) < mega, 위대한, 당당한

P.1345 – §7 For five months, however, Elizabeth withheld her secret even from her husband. Upon her disclosure of the story of Gabriel’s visit, Zacharias was very skeptical and for weeks doubted the entire experience, only consenting halfheartedly to believe in Gabriel’s visit to his wife when he could no longer question that she was expectant with child. Zacharias was very much perplexed regarding

P.1346 – §0 the prospective motherhood of Elizabeth, but he did not doubt the integrity of his wife, notwithstanding his own advanced age. It was not until about six weeks before John’s birth that Zacharias, as the result of an impressive dream, became fully convinced that Elizabeth was to become the mother of a son of destiny, one who was to prepare the way for the coming of the Messiah.

withhold = with (away) + hold = (바라는 사람에게) 주지 않고 남겨두다.

skeptic <G: skepsis (doubt) = followers of Pyrrho (Greek philosopher, 360 – 270 BC), 회의론자

disclose < dis (opposite of) +close = 밝히다, 열다

expect (기대하다) < ex (throughly) + spectare (look)

expectant = 기대하는

consent = con + sentire (feel), 동의하다

perplex < per (through) + plexus (interwoven) = 혼란시키다 (실들을 섞어 새끼줄을 꼬다), 얽혀서 당황하다. plex, plus = add

withstand = with(against) + stand = 저항하다

notwithstanding = (저항하지 못하고) 그런데도, 불구하고

integrity (인격, 온전함) < intact = not + touched (손대지 않은, 순수한) < integer (whole number)

< L: tangere (touch)

noli me tangere (touch me not) < tag/tangent 닿는

P.1346 – §1 Gabriel appeared to Mary about the middle of

November, 8 B.C., while she was at work in her Nazareth home. Later on, after Mary knew without doubt that she was to become a mother, she persuaded Joseph to let her journey to the City of Judah, four miles west of Jerusalem, in the hills, to visit Elizabeth. Gabriel had informed each of these mothers-to-be of his appearance to the other. Naturally they were anxious to get together, compare experiences, and talk over the probable futures of their sons. Mary remained with her distant cousin for three weeks. Elizabeth did much to strengthen Mary’s faith in the vision of Gabriel, so that she returned home more fully dedicated to the call to mother the child of destiny whom she was so soon to present to the world as a helpless babe, an average and normal infant of the realm.

When Mary visited Elizabeth, neither Jesus nor John had been born.

later on = 나중에

without doubt = 의심할 여지 없이

persuade < per (through) + suadere (advise) = 설득하다

mothers-to-be, 장차 어머니가 될 여자들

anxious (걱정하는) < angere (choke), 목이 잘 넘어가지 않을 정도로

helpless = 도움 없는, 무력한

normal (정상의) < norma = carpenter’s square (반듯한 직각자)

P.1346 – §2 John was born in the City of Judah, March 25, 7 B.C. Zacharias and Elizabeth rejoiced greatly in the realization that a son had come to them as Gabriel had promised, and when on the eighth day they presented the child for circumcision, they formally christened him John, as they had been directed aforetime. Already had a nephew of Zacharias departed for Nazareth, carrying the message of Elizabeth to Mary proclaiming that a son had been born to her and that his name was to be John.

circumcision < circum (around) + caedere (cut), 하례

# ~cise(자르다), ~ cide (죽이다)

ex: insecticide, pesticide.

P.1346 – §3 From his earliest infancy John was judiciously impressed by his parents with the idea that he was to grow up to become a spiritual leader and religious teacher. And the soil of John’s heart was ever responsive to the sowing of such suggestive seeds. Even as a child he was found frequently at the temple during the seasons of his father’s service, and he was tremendously impressed with the significance of all that he saw.

judicious (신중한) < judicum (judgement)

tremendous (덜덜 떨만큼 엄청난)

< tremere (tremble),

3. GABRIEL’S ANNOUNCEMENT TO MARY – P.1346

P.1346 – §4 One evening about sundown, before Joseph had returned home, Gabriel appeared to Mary by the side of a low stone table and, after she had recovered her composure, said: "I come at the bidding of one who is my Master and whom you shall love and nurture. To you, Mary, I bring glad tidings when I announce that the conception within you is ordained by heaven, and that in due time you will become the mother of a son; you shall call him Joshua, and he shall inaugurate the kingdom of heaven on earth and among men. Speak not of this matter save to Joseph and to Elizabeth, your kinswoman, to whom I have also appeared, and who shall presently also bear a son, whose name shall be John, and who will prepare the way for the message of deliverance which your son shall proclaim to men with great power and deep conviction. And doubt not my word, Mary, for this home has been chosen as the mortal habitat of the child of destiny. My benediction rests upon you, the power of the Most Highs will strengthen you, and the Lord of all the earth shall overshadow you."

composure (침착, 정렬된 상태)

recover one’s composure (안정을 다시 찾다)

nurture (양육) < nutrire (feed)

benediction < bene (well) + dicere (say) = 축복

announce < ad (to) + nuntiare (declare) = 선언하다

ordain < ordinare (put in order, 임명하다, 확립하다

habitat = 거소 < habitare (거하다)

overshadow = 그늘지게 하다, 덮다

P.1346 – §5 Mary pondered this visitation secretly in her heart for many weeks until of a certainty she knew she was with child, before she dared to disclose these unusual

P.1347 – §0 events to her husband. When Joseph heard all about this, although he had great confidence in Mary, he was much troubled and could not sleep for many nights. At first Joseph had doubts about the Gabriel visitation. Then when he became well-nigh persuaded that Mary had really heard the voice and beheld the form of the divine messenger, he was torn in mind as he pondered how such things could be. How could the offspring of human beings be a child of divine destiny? Never could Joseph reconcile these conflicting ideas until, after several weeks of thought, both he and Mary reached the conclusion that they had been chosen to become the parents of the Messiah, though it had hardly been the Jewish concept that the expected deliverer was to be of divine nature. Upon arriving at this momentous conclusion, Mary hastened to depart for a visit with Elizabeth.

troubled = 곤란해 하는

visit < videre (see) < visitare (go to see) 보러가다, 방문하다

husband < Norse: hus (house) +bondi (dweller) = 집주인, verb: 관리하다

well-nigh = 거의 (문어체)

reconcile (절충하다) < re (back) + conciliare (bring together)

conflict (상충, 대립되다) < con (together) + fligere (strike) = disagree

momentous = 중대한

conclude (끝을 맺다, 결론을 내리다)< con + claudere (shut)

hasten = 서두르다 = haste + en (만들다)

P.1347 – §1 Upon her return, Mary went to visit her parents, Joachim and Hannah. Her two brothers and two sisters, as well as her parents, were always very skeptical about the divine mission of Jesus, though, of course, at this time they knew nothing of the Gabriel visitation. But Mary did confide to her sister Salome that she thought her son was destined to become a great teacher.

P.1347 – §2 Gabriel’s announcement to Mary was made the day following the conception of Jesus and was the only event of supernatural occurrence connected with her entire experience of carrying and bearing the child of promise.

confide (비밀을 털어놓다) < con + fidere (든든히 믿다)

occur < ob (against) + currere (run) = 일어나다

destine < destinare = de (completely) + sta (stand) = make firm = (운명 따위가) 정해지다

4. JOSEPH’S DREAM – P.1347

P.1347 – §3 Joseph did not become reconciled to the idea that Mary was to become the mother of an extraordinary child until after he had experienced a very impressive dream. In this dream a brilliant celestial messenger appeared to him and, among other things, said: "Joseph, I appear by command of Him who now reigns on high, and I am directed to instruct you concerning the son whom Mary shall bear, and who shall become a great light in the world. In him will be life, and his life shall become the light of mankind. He shall first come to his own people, but they will hardly receive him; but to as many as shall receive him to them will he reveal that they are the children of God." After this experience Joseph never again wholly doubted Mary’s story of Gabriel’s visit and of the promise that the unborn child was to become a divine messenger to the world.

 
Resurrection Church, St. Petersburg

brilliant < berillare < beril (보석) = 보석처럼 반짝이다

celestial (하늘의) < caelum (하늘)

message (보낸 것, 전문) < mittere (send)

doubt (의심하다) < dubitare (hesitate, 주저하다) < dubious (doubtful)

reign < regnum (통치) < rex (king), 통치하다

reveal < re (again) + velum (veil, membrane), 베일을 걷다, 드러내다

promise < pro (forward) + mittere (send), 미리 약속하다

reconcile < re (back) +conciliare (bring together), 화해하다. 달갑게 여기다.

P.1347 – §4 In all these visitations nothing was said about the house of David. Nothing was ever intimated about Jesus’ becoming a "deliverer of the Jews," not even that he was to be the long-expected Messiah. Jesus was not such a Messiah as the Jews had anticipated, but he was the world’s deliverer. His mission was to all races and peoples, not to any one group.

P.1347 – §5 Joseph was not of the line of King David. Mary had more of the Davidic ancestry than Joseph. True, Joseph did go to the City of David, Bethlehem, to be registered for the Roman census, but that was because, six generations previously, Joseph’s paternal ancestor of that generation, being an orphan, was adopted by one Zadoc, who was a direct descendant of David; hence was Joseph also accounted as of the "house of David."

intimate (형용사) < intimus (inmost), 밀접한

intimate (동사) < intimare (make known), hint 암시하다.

ancestry, 족보, 선조들의 기록

be of ~ 출신이다

anticipate < ante (before) + capere (take), (예상하다, 미리 고려하다

account = 간주하다

P.1347 – §6 Most of the so-called Messianic prophecies of the Old Testament were made to apply to Jesus long after his life had been lived on earth. For centuries the Hebrew prophets had proclaimed the coming of a deliverer, and these promises had been construed by successive generations as referring to a new Jewish ruler who would sit upon the throne of David and, by the reputed miraculous methods

P.1348 – §0 of Moses, proceed to establish the Jews in Palestine as a powerful nation, free from all foreign domination. Again, many figurative passages found throughout the Hebrew scriptures were subsequently misapplied to the life mission of Jesus. Many Old Testament sayings were so distorted as to appear to fit some episode of the Master’s earth life. Jesus himself onetime publicly denied any connection with the royal house of David. Even the passage, "a maiden shall bear a son," was made to read, "a virgin shall bear a son." This was also true of the many genealogies of both Joseph and Mary which were constructed subsequent to Michael’s career on earth. Many of these lineages contain much of the Master’s ancestry, but on the whole they are not genuine and may not be depended upon as factual. The early followers of Jesus all too often succumbed to the temptation to make all the olden prophetic utterances appear to find fulfillment in the life of their Lord and Master.

construe < construere (특별한 방법으로) 해석하다

prophet < pro (before) + G: phanai (speak), 예언자

scripture (글로 쓴 것, 성서) < scribere (write), script (written).

episode < G: epi (in addition) +hodos (way) = 삽화처럼 끼워 넣은 것, 그런 이야기.

succumb < succumbere (under + lie) = 굴복하다

temptation < temptare (test) = 시험

genealogy (족보)

< G: genea (race) + logia (science, doctrine)

5. JESUS’ EARTH PARENTS – P.1348

P.1348 – §1 Joseph was a mild-mannered man, extremely conscientious, and in every way faithful to the religious conventions and practices of his people. He talked little but thought much. The sorry plight of the Jewish people caused Joseph much sadness. As a youth, among his eight brothers and sisters, he had been more cheerful, but in the earlier years of married life (during Jesus’ childhood) he was subject to periods of mild spiritual discouragement. These temperamental manifestations were greatly improved just before his untimely death and after the economic condition of his family had been enhanced by his advancement from the rank of carpenter to the role of a prosperous contractor.

mild-mannered man =태도가 온화한 사람

extreme < exterus (outer) < extremus (outermost) = 극단적인

temperament < temperare (mingle)

< temperamentum (corrext mixture, 정확한 혼합, 기질)

temperamental (기질의, 기분이 잘 변하는)

convention < con (together) + venire (come), 관습

discourage < F: des + corage (courage), 용기를 약화시키다. 김을 빼다

prosper < pro spere = according to hope, 기대한대로 잘 되다

enhance < inaltare (raise) = in + altus (high) < in + hoch (high), 높이다

carpenter < carpentarius (wagon maker), carpentum (two-wheeled carriage, 두 바퀴 전차)

untimely = not timely (때 이른)

ever-sunny, 늘 밝은

downcast = low in spirit = 풀이 죽은

temperament < temperare (mingle) < temperamentum (correct mixture) 기질, 성질

disposition < disponere (arrange), 기질

frequent = 빈번한 [미상], visit often

astonish < ex (out) + tonare (thunder), (천둥 치듯,

놀라게 하다

compose < com (together) + pose (place) < pausare (lay down) = write, R: position

composed = calm (침착한)

P.1348 – §3 Jesus derived much of his unusual gentleness and marvelous sympathetic understanding of human nature from his father; he inherited his gift as a great teacher and his tremendous capacity for righteous indignation from his mother. In emotional reactions to his adult-life environment, Jesus was at one time like his father, meditative and worshipful, sometimes characterized by apparent sadness; but more often he drove forward in the manner of his mother’s optimistic and determined disposition. All in all, Mary’s temperament tended to dominate the career of the divine Son as he grew up and swung into the momentous strides of his adult life. In some particulars Jesus was a blending of his parents’ traits; in other respects he exhibited the traits of one in contrast with those of the other.

marvelous < miribilia (wonderful things) 놀라운

meditate < meditari (명상하다)

emotion < ex (out) + movere (move), 감정

stride = 걸음 step

exhibit < ex +habere (hold), 보라고 내놓다

blend < German: blenden (섞다)

sympathy < G: syn (together) + pathos (feeling), 동정심

이 대목은 예수의 기질이 생물학적으로 아버지 요셉을 닮았음을 가리킨다.

ceremony < caerimonia (religious worship), 예식, 제사

acquaint < ad (to) + cognoscere (come to know)

acquaintance = 아는 사람

conceive < con + capere (take), 잉태하다, 머리 속에 형태를 잡다 >

concept (개념)

well educated for their time = 그 시절로 보아서는 잘 교육받았다. (오늘날의 수준과 비교할 수는 없지만)

station = location (위치, position)

for their station in life = 그 나이로 보아서는

well-nigh (거의, 문어체)

P.1349 – §2 Had Joseph lived, he undoubtedly would have become a firm believer in the divine mission of his eldest son. Mary alternated between believing and doubting, being greatly influenced by the position taken by her other children and by her friends and relatives, but always was she steadied in her final attitude by the memory of Gabriel’s appearance to her immediately after the child was conceived.

P.1349 – §3 Mary was an expert weaver and more than averagely skilled in most of the household arts of that day; she was a good housekeeper and a superior homemaker. Both Joseph and Mary were good teachers, and they saw to it that their children were well versed in the learning of that day.

P.1349 – §4 When Joseph was a young man, he was employed by Mary’s father in the work of building an addition to his house, and it was when Mary brought Joseph a cup of water, during a noontime meal, that the courtship of the pair who were destined to become the parents of Jesus really began.

Had Joseph lived (가정법: 실현가능성이 없을 경우) 그가 살았더라면

alternate < alternare < alter (other), 번갈다, 오락가락하다.

steady < stead (place, position, firm), 고정된

housekeeper, 주부, 집안일 하는 사람

see to it that 반드시 ~하도록 하다

well versed = 정통한, 훤히 아는

court = 구애하다

P.1349 – §5 Joseph and Mary were married, in accordance with Jewish custom, at Mary’s home in the environs of Nazareth when Joseph was twenty-one years old. This marriage concluded a normal courtship of almost two years’ duration. Shortly thereafter they moved into their new home in Nazareth, which had been built by Joseph with the assistance of two of his brothers. The house was located near the foot of the near-by elevated land which so charmingly overlooked the surrounding countryside. In this home, especially prepared, these young and expectant parents had thought to welcome the child of promise, little realizing that this momentous event of a universe was to transpire while they would be absent from home in Bethlehem of Judea.

environ < F: en (in) + viron (circle) = surround

surround < super + undare (flow) = 둘러싸다

transpire < trans (through) + spirare (breathe), 새어 나가다, 벌어지다

P.1349 – §6 The larger part of Joseph’s family became believers in the teachings of Jesus, but very few of Mary’s people ever believed in him until after he departed from this world. Joseph leaned more toward the spiritual concept of the expected Messiah, but Mary and her family, especially her father, held to the idea of the Messiah as a temporal deliverer and political ruler. Mary’s ancestors had been prominently identified with the Maccabean activities of the then but recent times.

P.1349 – §7 Joseph held vigorously to the Eastern, or Babylonian, views of the Jewish religion; Mary leaned strongly toward the more liberal and broader Western, or Hellenistic, interpretation of the law and the prophets.

believe in ~(가르침 따위) 을 믿다.

believe him ~가 하는 말을 믿다.

depart < de (from) + partire (divide, 갈라지다), 떠나다

temporal < tempus (time), 일시적, 지상의

recent < re + G: ken, kainos (new, young), 최근

vigorous < vigor (활력),

the then recent times (당시로 보아서 최근 시절)

6. THE HOME AT NAZARETH – P.1349

P.1349 – §8 The home of Jesus was not far from the high hill in the northerly part of Nazareth, some distance from the village spring, which was in the eastern section of the town. Jesus’ family dwelt in the outskirts of the city, and this made it all the easier for him subsequently to enjoy frequent strolls in the country and to make trips up to the top of this near-by highland, the highest of all the hills of southern Galilee save the Mount Tabor range to the east and the hill of Nain,

P.1350 – §0 which was about the same height. Their home was located a little to the south and east of the southern promontory of this hill and about midway between the base of this elevation and the road leading out of Nazareth toward Cana. Aside from climbing the hill, Jesus’ favorite stroll was to follow a narrow trail winding about the base of the hill in a northeasterly direction to a point where it joined the road to Sepphoris.

 
modern road to Sepphoris

a narrow trail leading to Sepphoris

outskirt = out + skirt (edge), 교외

village < villa (country house), 마을

promontory < prominere (jut out, 툭튀어 나오다), 곶

stroll, 걷기

a mill found in Capernaum.

adjoin < ad (to, ~에) +jungere = 붙이다

furniture < F: furnish (마련해 주다), 가구

(no Latin words)

annex < annectere (connect), 부가된 건물

mill < molere (grind), 곡식을 방아로 갈다

P.1350 – §2 In later years, as the family grew in size, they would all squat about the enlarged stone table to enjoy their meals, helping themselves from a common dish, or pot, of food. During the winter, at the evening meal the table would be lighted by a small, flat clay lamp, which was filled with olive oil. After the birth of Martha, Joseph built an addition to this house, a large room, which was used as a carpenter shop during the day and as a sleeping room at night.

7. THE TRIP TO BETHLEHEM – P.1350

P.1350 – §3 In the month of March, 8 B.C. (the month Joseph and Mary were married), Caesar Augustus decreed that all inhabitants of the Roman Empire should be numbered, that a census should be made which could be used for effecting better taxation. The Jews had always been greatly prejudiced against any attempt to "number the people," and this, in connection with the serious domestic difficulties of Herod, King of Judea, had conspired to cause the postponement of the taking of this census in the Jewish kingdom for one year. Throughout all the Roman Empire this census was registered in the year 8 B.C., except in the Palestinian kingdom of Herod, where it was taken in 7 B.C., one year later.

census < censere (assess), 인구 조사

prejudice < prae (before) + judicum (judgment), 편견을 가지다

postpone < post (after) + ponere (place), 뒤로 미루다

register < regesta (things recorded) = enter, record, 등록하다

P.1350 – §4 It was not necessary that Mary should go to Bethlehem for enrollment–Joseph was authorized to register for his family–but Mary, being an adventurous and aggressive person, insisted on accompanying him. She feared being left alone lest the child be born while Joseph was away, and again, Bethlehem being not far from the City of Judah, Mary foresaw a possible pleasurable visit with her kinswoman Elizabeth.

P.1350 – §5 Joseph virtually forbade Mary to accompany him, but it was of no avail; when the food was packed for the trip of three or four days, she prepared double rations and made ready for the journey. But before they actually set forth, Joseph was reconciled to Mary’s going along, and they cheerfully departed from Nazareth at the break of day.

enroll (등록) < F: en (in) + rolle (roll), 두루마리 서류 속에 적어 넣다.

forbid = 금하다

journey < diumus (daily portion) = one day’s travel

at break of day, 동이 틀 때

beast of burden, 짐 싯는 동물

 August 18, 7 BC = Wednesday

P.1351 – §1 Their first day of travel carried them around the foothills of Mount Gilboa, where they camped for the night by the river Jordan and engaged in many speculations as to what sort of a son would be born to them, Joseph adhering to the concept of a spiritual teacher and Mary holding to the idea of a Jewish Messiah, a deliverer of the Hebrew nation.

P.1351 – §2 Bright and early the morning of August 19, Joseph and Mary were again on their way. They partook of their noontide meal at the foot of Mount Sartaba, overlooking the Jordan valley, and journeyed on, making Jericho for the night, where they stopped at an inn on the highway in the outskirts of the city. Following the evening meal and after much discussion concerning the oppressiveness of Roman rule, Herod, the census enrollment, and the comparative influence of Jerusalem and Alexandria as centers of Jewish learning and culture, the Nazareth travelers retired for the night’s rest. Early in the morning of August 20 they resumed their journey, reaching Jerusalem before noon, visiting the temple, and going on to their destination, arriving at Bethlehem in midafternoon.

speculate < speculat (observed) < specula (watch tower), 전망대에서 보다, 추측하다

adhere < ad (to) + haerere (stick), ~에 달라붙다

partake < E: partaker (부분을 가지는 자), 뜯어 먹다.

P.1351 – §3 The inn was overcrowded, and Joseph accordingly sought lodgings with distant relatives, but every room in Bethlehem was filled to overflowing. On returning to the courtyard of the inn, he was informed that the caravan stables, hewn out of the side of the rock and situated just below the inn, had been cleared of animals and cleaned up for the reception of lodgers. Leaving the donkey in the courtyard, Joseph shouldered their bags of clothing and provisions and with Mary descended the stone steps to their lodgings below. They found themselves located in what had been a grain storage room to the front of the stalls and mangers. Tent curtains had been hung, and they counted themselves fortunate to have such comfortable quarters.

P.1351 – §4 Joseph had thought to go out at once and enroll, but Mary was weary; she was considerably distressed and besought him to remain by her side, which he did.

seek < German: suchen, 추구하다

situate < situs (site) < situat (placed), 자리를 차지하다

provision (준비한 물자, 식량) < providere (foresee), 미리 앞을 내다보다.

fortunate < fortuna (행운)

at once, 당장에

distress < dis (apart) + tringere (stretch, draw tight), 곤궁

8. THE BIRTH OF JESUS – P.1351

P.1351 – §5 All that night Mary was restless so that neither of them slept much. By the break of day the pangs of childbirth were well in evidence, and at noon, August 21, 7 B.C., with the help and kind ministrations of women fellow travelers, Mary was delivered of a male child. Jesus of Nazareth was born into the world, was wrapped in the clothes which Mary had brought along for such a possible contingency, and laid in a near-by manger.

August 21, 7 BC = Saturday
[Calendarhome.com]

restless, 뒤척이는

pang, 찌르는 아픔

contingency < contingere (befall), 우발 사건, 만약에 일어날 수 있는 경우

minister * magister (master) < minor (small), 아랫 사람으로서 보살피다.

practice < practicare (perform), [noun: 관습, 풍습]

formal < forma (shape, mold), 정식의

circumcise < circum (around) + cidere (cut), 할례를 주다

well-to-do friend (잘 사는 친구)

quarter < quartus (fourth), room, lodging [군대: 방, @servant quarters]

P.1351 – §8 The second day after the birth of Jesus, Mary sent word to Elizabeth that her child had come and received word in return inviting Joseph up to Jerusalem to talk over all their affairs with Zacharias. The following week Joseph went to Jerusalem to confer with Zacharias. Both Zacharias and Elizabeth had become possessed with the sincere conviction that Jesus was indeed to become the Jewish

P.1352 – §0 deliverer, the Messiah, and that their son John was to be his chief of aides, his right-hand man of destiny. And since Mary held these same ideas, it was not difficult to prevail upon Joseph to remain in Bethlehem, the City of David, so that Jesus might grow up to become the successor of David on the throne of all Israel. Accordingly, they remained in Bethlehem more than a year, Joseph meantime working some at his carpenter’s trade.

in turn = 차례로, 다음에

talk over ~에 관하여 이야기하다

affair < ad (at) + facere (to do, make), 일거리, @state affairs = 國事

confer < conferre (bring together, compare, deliberate) 의논하다

convict < con + vincere (정복하다), 확신시키다

succeed < succedere (come after), 뒤를 따르다

seraphim (Hebrew: 천사, 복수) > seraph

anthem < G: antiphona = anti (response) + phona(verse), 대응하여 부르는 노래.

thither = 거기로

futile < fundere (pour out easily) < futilis (leaky), 쓸데 없는

P.1352 – §3 These wise men saw no star to guide them to Bethlehem. The beautiful legend of the star of Bethlehem originated in this way: Jesus was born August 21 at noon, 7 B.C. On May 29, 7 B.C., there occurred an extraordinary conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn in the constellation of Pisces. And it is a remarkable astronomic fact that similar conjunctions occurred on September 29 and December 5 of the same year.

Upon the basis of these extraordinary but wholly natural events the well-meaning zealots of the succeeding generation constructed the appealing legend of the star of Bethlehem and the adoring Magi led thereby to the manger, where they beheld and worshiped the newborn babe.

Oriental and near-Oriental minds delight in fairy stories, and they are continually spinning such beautiful myths about the lives of their religious leaders and political heroes. In the absence of printing, when most human knowledge was passed by word of mouth from one generation to another, it was very easy for myths to become traditions and for traditions eventually to become accepted as facts.

origin < originem (beginning)

originate = 기원이 생기다

conjunction < con + iugare (join), 합치다, 合. (지구에서 보면 토성과 목성이 같은 곳에 합쳐서 있는 현상)

spin < German: spinnen (잡아 댕겨 실을 꼬다)

magus, magi (plural): Persian, 마술사

well-meaning (좋은 뜻을 가진)

zealot < G: zealos (열심당원)

zeal < zelus (zeal), 열심

constellation < con (together) + stellare (shine), 별자리

tradition < trans (across) + dare (give), 전통

myth < G: muthos (신화)

eventual, event <eventus, 사건, (이리저리해서 결국 벌어지는 사건)

9. THE PRESENTATION IN THE TEMPLE – P.1352

P.1352 – §4 Moses had taught the Jews that every first-born son belonged to the Lord, and that, in lieu of his sacrifice as was the custom among the heathen nations, such a son might live provided his parents would redeem him by the payment of five shekels to any authorized priest. There was also a Mosaic ordinance which directed that a mother, after the passing of a certain period of time, should present herself (or have someone make the proper sacrifice for her) at the temple for purification.

It was customary to perform both of these ceremonies at the same time. Accordingly, Joseph and Mary went up to the temple at Jerusalem in person to present Jesus to the priests and effect his redemption and also to make the proper sacrifice to insure Mary’s ceremonial purification from the alleged uncleanness of childbirth.

lieu (place)

in lieu of = 대신에

heathen (이교도) < heath (황무지)

ordinance < ordinare (put in order), 법 조항

purify < purus (pure), 깨끗이 하다

redeem < redimere (buy back), 제물을 드려 대신 죄를 속하다

allege < allegare < ex + litigare, 소송에서 선서하여 주장하다

sacrifice < sacer (holy) + facere (make), 제물을 바치다

shekel (silver coin) = 2 drachma. drachma = about $50 in 2000.

temple tax = half shekel annually.

P.1353 – §1 There lingered constantly about the courts of the temple two remarkable characters, Simeon a singer and Anna a poetess. Simeon was a Judean, but Anna was a Galilean. This couple were frequently in each other’s company, and both were intimates of the priest Zacharias, who had confided the secret of John and Jesus to them. Both Simeon and Anna longed for the coming of the Messiah, and their confidence in Zacharias led them to believe that Jesus was the expected deliverer of the Jewish people.

P.1353 – §2 Zacharias knew the day Joseph and Mary were expected to appear at the temple with Jesus, and he had prearranged with Simeon and Anna to indicate, by the salute of his upraised hand, which one in the procession of first-born children was Jesus.

linger < E: long, 오래 머무르다, 남아 있다

intimate < intimus (inmost), 밀접한, 그런 사람

long for = 갈망하다

procession < procedere (move forward), (앞으로 가는) 행렬

P.1353 – §3 For this occasion Anna had written a poem which Simeon proceeded to sing, much to the astonishment of Joseph, Mary, and all who were assembled in the temple courts. And this was their hymn of the redemption of the first-born son:

occasion = 계제, 경우 < ob (towards) + cadere (fall)

assemble < ad (to) + simul (together), 모이다

hymn < G: humnos (song, ode), 찬송

P.1353 – §4 Blessed be the Lord, the God of Israel,

P.1353 – §5 For he has visited us and wrought redemption for his people;

P.1353 – §6 He has raised up a horn of salvation for all of us

P.1353 – §7 In the house of his servant David.

P.1353 – §8 Even as he spoke by the mouth of his holy prophets–

P.1353 – §9 Salvation from our enemies and from the hand of all who hate us;

P.1353 – §10 To show mercy to our fathers, and remember his holy covenant–

P.1353 – §11 The oath which he swore to Abraham our father,

salvation < salvare (save), 구원

covenant < convenire (together + come = agree), 서약

oath = 서약. 어원 미상

P.1353 – §12 To grant us that we, being delivered out of the hand of our enemies,

P.1353 – §13 Should serve him without fear,

P.1353 – §14 In holiness and righteousness before him all our days.

P.1353 – §15 Yes, and you, child of promise, shall be called the prophet of the Most High;

P.1353 – §16 For you shall go before the face of the Lord to establish his kingdom;

P.1353 – §17 To give knowledge of salvation to his people

P.1353 – §18 In the remission of their sins.

P.1353 – §19 Rejoice in the tender mercy of our God because the dayspring from on high has now visited us

P.1353 – §20 To shine upon those who sit in darkness and the shadow of death;

P.1353 – §21 To guide our feet into ways of peace.

P.1353 – §22 And now let your servant depart in peace, O Lord, according to your word,

P.1353 – §23 For my eyes have seen your salvation,

P.1353 – §24 Which you have prepared before the face of all peoples;

P.1353 – §25 A light for even the unveiling of the gentiles

P.1353 – §26 And the glory of your people Israel.

remission < remittere (restore, send back), 죄를 없애어 회복하다.

gentile < gentilis (of the same clan) = non-Jewish (used in Vulgate)

overawed, 지나치게 겁을 먹다.

disturb < dis(utterly) + turbar (tumult), 소란을 일으키다.

premature < prae (before) +maturus (ripe), 설익은

harmony < G: harmos (joint) < harmonia (joining), 잘 붙어 있는 상태

10. HEROD ACTS – P.1353

P.1353 – §28 But the watchers for Herod were not inactive. When they reported to him the visit of the priests of Ur to Bethlehem, Herod summoned these Chaldeans to appear

P.1354 – §0 before him. He inquired diligently of these wise men about the new "king of the Jews," but they gave him little satisfaction, explaining that the babe had been born of a woman who had come down to Bethlehem with her husband for the census enrollment. Herod, not being satisfied with this answer, sent them forth with a purse and directed that they should find the child so that he too might come and worship him, since they had declared that his kingdom was to be spiritual, not temporal. But when the wise men did not return, Herod grew suspicious. As he turned these things over in his mind, his informers returned and made full report of the recent occurrences in the temple, bringing him a copy of parts of the Simeon song which had been sung at the redemption ceremonies of Jesus. But they had failed to follow Joseph and Mary, and Herod was very angry with them when they could not tell him whither the pair had taken the babe. He then dispatched searchers to locate Joseph and Mary. Knowing Herod pursued the Nazareth family, Zacharias and Elizabeth remained away from Bethlehem. The boy baby was secreted with Joseph’s relatives.

P.1354 – §1 Joseph was afraid to seek work, and their small savings were rapidly disappearing. Even at the time of the purification ceremonies at the temple, Joseph deemed himself sufficiently poor to warrant his offering for Mary two young pigeons as Moses had directed for the purification of mothers among the poor.

P.1354 – §2 When, after more than a year of searching, Herod’s spies had not located Jesus, and because of the suspicion that the babe was still concealed in Bethlehem, he prepared an order directing that a systematic search be made of every house in Bethlehem, and that all boy babies under two years of age should be killed. In this manner Herod hoped to make sure that this child who was to become "king of the Jews" would be destroyed. And thus perished in one day sixteen boy babies in Bethlehem of Judea. But intrigue and murder, even in his own immediate family, were common occurrences at the court of Herod.

priest < presbyter (elder), 사제

inactive = not active

diligent < diligere = dis (apart) + legere (choose) single out, 열심인

sufficient < sufficere = sub + facere (make) (supply as a substitute), legally satisfactory, 대용물이 되다, 충분한

suspicious 의심스러운,

#suspect < sub (below) + specere (look), 의심하다

perish < perire = per (through) + ire (go) = pass away, 죽다

murder < German, mord (살인)

intrigue, (미상), 권모 술수

P.1354 – §3 The massacre of these infants took place about the middle of October, 6 B.C., when Jesus was a little over one year of age. But there were believers in the coming Messiah even among Herod’s court attachés, and one of these, learning of the order to slaughter the Bethlehem boy babies, communicated with Zacharias, who in turn dispatched a messenger to Joseph; and the night before the massacre Joseph and Mary departed from Bethlehem with the babe for Alexandria in Egypt. In order to avoid attracting attention, they journeyed alone to Egypt with Jesus. They went to Alexandria on funds provided by Zacharias, and there Joseph worked at his trade while Mary and Jesus lodged with well-to-do relatives of Joseph’s family. They sojourned in Alexandria two full years, not returning to Bethlehem until after the death of Herod.

massacre = wholesale slaughter (미상)

sojourn = sub (under) + diurnum (day), 머무르다

attaché < F = 수행원 (분야별)

dispatch < I: dispacciare, 파송

alone, 혼자서, ~따로,